Ubufaransa. Kubana, amahitamo atandukanye yibikorwa byo kwihangira imirimo bizaba igisubizo cyibihe byubu, mugihe bigoye kumva gusa igitekerezo cyo kugera kubisubizo byiza hamwe ninyungu. Murwego rwa francise, mubyerekezo nkabana, abakiriya benshi bazashobora gukunda ibikorwa byo kwihangira imirimo murubu buryo, hamwe ningamba zo gutegura-gukoresha-umushinga. Kuri francise kubana, nibyiza cyane guhitamo buri nyirayo yigenga, utekereza birambuye kubyerekezo byatoranijwe. Uyu munsi, abakiriya benshi bagura verisiyo yateguwe ya francise, ikora itisunze urwego rwamashami n'amacakubiri, ikuraho burundu ingaruka zitandukanye. Twabibutsa ko urwego rwo hejuru rwubumenyi bwubumenyi bwigitekerezo, niko ibiciro byumushinga byiyongera kandi biranga icyizere cyikigo.

Ku cyiciro cyambere, mugihe uhisemo uruganda, birakenewe gukora inama, mugihe cyo kuganira kuburyo burambuye ibisobanuro byose hamwe nubufatanye bwubufatanye kuri francise. Mugihe kizaza, urashobora kumenyera urutonde rwibyangombwa bisabwa, byakusanyirijwe hamwe nabakozi babishoboye babikora. Urashobora gukenera kuyobora amahugurwa make yo kwamamaza no kwamamaza kubakiriya bizafasha imibereho yawe kongera ibicuruzwa byawe cyane. Buri gihe ufite amahirwe yo kubaza ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose kijyanye na francise yabana, ugasobanura ibihe bitandukanye ninzobere zamamaza, muganira hamwe kuriyi ngingo. Byaragaragaye kuva kera ko byoroshye kwishora mugutezimbere ubucuruzi hamwe na francise kubana kuruta gutangira umushinga wawe kuva mbere. Amashanyarazi kubana arashobora kugurwa hagamijwe gukora ibicuruzwa, kugurisha ibicuruzwa, no gutanga serivisi. Hamwe na francise kubana, abakiriya bafite icyerekezo cyiyi format bazashobora gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zabo.

Abakiriya bazanyurwa no guhitamo ikirango, kuko inzira yiterambere yose yuwabikoze izajyana nibikorwa byakazi no kongera itangwa rya serivisi. Kugeza ubu, francises yiteguye irazwi cyane kwisi yose, imaze kugirirwa ikizere nabakiriya bafite ibyiringiro byo gukora igitekerezo cyiza kandi cyiza kizakoreshwa murwego runini. Guhitamo uruganda runaka kuruhande rwumuguzi bizaterwa nikirangantego cyamamajwe kandi kizwi cyane, kimaze imyaka myinshi gitanga izina ryacyo. Niba uguze francise kubana, noneho uzatangira gukurikira inzira imaze gukandagira, aho hariho amabwiriza kuri buri gikorwa. Hamwe no kubona francise kubana, ugomba gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwiterambere, ibyingenzi bizerekanwa nabatanga ibitekerezo. Biroroshye cyane kubaka ubucuruzi bwawe kumushinga urangiye kuruta guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwawe hamwe nisesengura ryisoko, ufite amahirwe yose yo kubara nabi. Twakagombye kuvuga ko ari byiza guhora twizera abanyamwuga kuruta gukora imirimo muburyo bwigenga ukurikije ingamba zatoranijwe n'umushinga watoranijwe.

Igice cyingenzi kandi cyingenzi kizakomeza kuba ikibazo cyo guhitamo francise, ushobora kuganira muburyo burambuye nabahagarariye ikirango, kugirango ubashe gutandukanya neza ubuhanga bwabakiriya nibitekerezo byubu. Iterambere iryo ariryo ryose rizashobora kubona igipimo kinini mugihe, gishobora gutezwa imbere hashyizweho amashami n'amacakubiri kwisi. Uzashobora guteza imbere francise kubana bashoboye kubyara inyungu wifuza kugera kurwego mpuzamahanga.

Franchise na franchisee nibisobanuro bifitanye isano cyane. Niba ushishikajwe na francise, noneho iyo ubonye uhinduka francisee. Ubu ni ubucuruzi bwunguka cyane, mugushyira mubikorwa ukeneye gukurikiza gusa amategeko kandi utangwa namabwiriza ya francise. Ntugomba kuzana ikintu gishya, kongera guhimba inzira yubucuruzi, gukora ibindi bikorwa bigoye. Birakenewe gusa kugura ubucuruzi bwiteguye, bwitwa francise. Umu francisee numuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibikoresho isosiyete ikomeye yose ikoresha mukubaka ubucuruzi.

Ntugomba kuzana ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye, ukeneye gukoresha igitekerezo cyiteguye. Mubyongeyeho, izina rimaze kumenyekana, bivuze ko ibiciro byo kongera urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane.

Mu rwego rwa francise, francisee igomba kugeza kubaguzi bayo gusa ko ibiro byahagarariye ibikorwa byaho byafunguwe mukarere. Nibihendutse cyane kuruta kumenyekanisha ikirango kitazwi guhera. Ubufaransa bushobora kuba ikawa ugura hafi ya cafe mugitondo, iduka ugura, pizzeria ifite izina ryisi kandi iherereye mubaturanyi b’umuguzi waho.

Ubufaransa buri hose kandi bugenda bwiyongera mubyamamare. Ubucuruzi bwiteguye gufungura icyitegererezo cya francise yemerera francisee gushora gusa umutungo wimari waboneka muburyo bwubucuruzi bumaze kugeragezwa kandi bukora. Ukeneye gusa gushyira mubikorwa neza bitangwa na francise. Franchisee ntakintu nakimwe ishobora guhura nacyo, kubera ko hari ubucuruzi bwihishe inyuma, ikirango kizwi, uburambe bunini bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka myinshi cyangwa imyaka mirongo yibikorwa bikomeye.

Franchising irangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwamamara mugihugu icyo aricyo cyose. Umuntu uhisemo kuba francisee arashobora gushora imari mumikoreshereze yimari, gushaka abakozi ukurikije ibipimo, kubaka inzira zubucuruzi, no kubona ibisubizo. Ndetse nibicuruzwa akenshi biva mubihugu bikomokamo franchise. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuko ushobora kuzigama umurimo nubutunzi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba cyangwa gukora ku kirango. Ibi byose bimaze kuboneka kuri wewe kandi bisigaye ni ugutangiza moderi ya biz yiteguye rwose izana umutungo wamafaranga nka bonus.

Umufaransa washoboye gukoresha neza francise yaguzwe, ahabwa igice kinini cyumutungo wamafaranga afite. Ingingo ya franchise iganirwaho muburyo butaziguye nuwabitanze kandi birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Kurugero, urashobora guhora ukuramo umugabane winyungu, cyangwa urashobora kumvikana kubindi bisabwa, byose biterwa na nyir'ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe.

Birahagije gusa kugura francise no gukoresha uburambe bwose bwungutse nabasekuruza babanjirije abantu iyo bigeze kubirango bishaje. Ugomba kwitonda cyane ukirinda amakosa kuko ibitagenda neza mugushinga francise birashobora kugaragara hanyuma francisee yakira ibibazo aho kubyunguka. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribintu bisanzwe cyane, kubwibyo, ugomba kwibanda kubikorwa byukuri byo mubikorwa byo mubiro.

Kurikiza francise no kongeramo ibyongeweho murwego rwo guhatanira isosiyete yawe. Nyuma ya byose, francises nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwaho, mugihe, urugero, muri McDonald bagurisha pancake niba iherereye muburusiya. Niba francise ihuye na McDonald ifunguye kubutaka bwa Qazaqistan, noneho cafe-ibiryo byihuse itanga amahitamo ya burger arimo inyama zifarashi kubaturage.

Icyumba cyogusukura francise izazana urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza, mugihe ishyizwe mubikorwa neza. Gushyira mubikorwa bisobanuye imikoranire ntabwo ari ikirango kizwi gusa nkuwagabanije wenyine. Birakwiye kandi kwitegereza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, guhugura abakozi neza, no kubahiriza imyambarire. Hafi ya buri mucuruzi ushaka gushyira mubikorwa ubucuruzi bushingiye kuri gahunda yubucuruzi yamaze gukorwa arashobora gukoresha francise yicyumba cyogusukura. Birumvikana ko uzakenera kuba ufite umubare runaka wamafaranga kugirango ubashe gushora imari. Byongeye kandi, ingingo yimikoreshereze igomba guhita ikubiyemo icyifuzo cyo kwimura abagera kuri 11% bimaze gutangira kunganira francisor.

Aya mafaranga avugwa nk'amafaranga rimwe, kandi arashobora no gukoreshwa mugurisha icyumba cyogusukura francise. Ibi nibikorwa bisanzwe kandi ntakintu kidasanzwe kirimo. Hafi umushinga wose wubucuruzi ujyanye na francise urashobora gutanga ibintu nkibi. Shyira mubikorwa isuku kurwego rukwiye kugirango mugihe uwitwa umuguzi wamayobera agaragaye, ntakibazo. Byongeye kandi, ugomba kuzirikana ko francise yicyumba cyogusukura izakora neza mugihe gusa ishyizwe mubikorwa neza hakurikijwe amasezerano, aho amahame atandukanye azandikwa.

Niba ugurisha francise mubyumba byogusukura, noneho ibipimo biva muri francisor ntibigomba na rimwe kwirengagizwa. Nyuma ya byose, ni kimwe mubintu byagezweho byagezweho nisosiyete mukorana nkumuntu ukwirakwiza wenyine. Isuku yubufaransa igomba gukemurwa hitawe kubisobanuro birambuye no kwinjiza ibirenze ba rwiyemezamirimo basanzwe. Nyuma ya byose, niba ugurisha francise yisuku, uzakenera kugabana amafaranga winjije. Kurugero, mukwezi kwambere, uzakenera kwimura kugeza 9% nkigice cya buri kwezi nyuma yo kubona amafaranga. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwimisanzu yo gusukura francise.

Ubwa mbere, hariho ubwami bwishyuwe nkubwoko bwubukode. Mubyongeyeho, hari n'amafaranga yo kwamamaza, ingano yayo irashobora kugera kuri 3% yumubare wamafaranga wakiriye nkigicuruzwa cyangwa amafaranga winjiza mugihe ukora ibikorwa. Icyumba cyogusukura francise numushinga wubucuruzi ushobora gutsinda ufite ingaruka zawo. Izi ngaruka zigomba gusuzumwa mbere kugirango twitegure gukorana nazo. Gukorana na francise yisuku ikubiyemo automatike nkimwe mubintu kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi. Gukoresha ikirangantego kizwi ubwacyo kiracyatsinze. Birakenewe gukora ibintu byose neza, kwitegereza imyambarire, guhugura abakozi no kugura ibicuruzwa byiza.

Kwikorera-kumesa kumashanyarazi ni inzira yubucuruzi igezweho. Mugihe cyiterambere ryacyo, ntugomba kugira ingorane, mugihe ari iterambere ryukuri. Ibi bivuze kwitegura neza mbere yo gukora imirimo yashinzwe. Icyambere, mugihe ugurisha francise, ugomba kwibuka ko wafashe inshingano zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, ntabwo ari francisor nabakiriya gusa, ahubwo no kuri leta. Imyenda yawe yose yo kumesa irashobora kugenzurwa, bivuze ko ushobora gutsinda byoroshye niba burigihe ufite ibintu byose murutonde.

Sheki ntishobora kuva gusa mubuyobozi bwa leta bugenzura. Kwikorera kumyenda yimyenda irashobora kugenzurwa nabahagarariye ibicuruzwa. Françisor irashoboye rwose gukoresha igikoresho kizwi cyitwa kugura amayobera. Wiyoberanyije nkumuguzi, umuntu azagaragara mumyenda yawe wenyine kugirango agenzure inzira yiterambere rya francise. Azakoresha serivisi zawe hanyuma asige ibitekerezo. Byongeye kandi, azasiga ibitekerezo kuri francisor, kandi azaba amaze gufata ibyemezo byubuyobozi kuburyo bwo gukomeza. Kwikorera wenyine byunguka, kubera ko serivisi zo kumesa zidahenze.

Kubwibyo, mugihe uguze iyi francise, shingira kubantu bakwiriye. Aba ni abantu badashaka gukoresha amafaranga kugirango bakoreshwe n'abakozi. Bashaka kuzigama amafaranga kandi bazakora byose bonyine.

Hamwe no kwikorera wenyine, abakiriya bawe barashobora gukenera ubufasha. Kubwibyo, imyenda yawe yubufaransa igomba kuba ifite byibura inzobere imwe cyangwa ebyiri. Abayobozi bazatanga inama kubikoresho bagomba gutozwa neza no gufata neza abakiriya. Birumvikana ko imyenda yawe yo kwihererana yimyenda igomba gutegurwa neza. Ibi bigomba kuba igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukurikiza. Mubyongeyeho, nkigice cyo kumesa imyenda, abakozi bagomba kuba bambaye imyenda yuzuye.

Itangwa nawe na francisor. We ubwe atezimbere umushinga wubucuruzi, kandi yiteguye no gusangira nawe amakuru agezweho murwego rwa francise yo kumesa wenyine. Ntugomba kwemerera amakosa ayo ari yo yose muri gahunda y'ibikoresho. Ibintu byose bigomba gukorwa nubwenge no gukoresha uburambe uzahabwa nuhagarariye isosiyete izwi. Shakisha uburyo bwiza bwo kumesa francise ujya kurubuga rwerekanwe. Nyuma ya byose, hariho umubare munini wa catalogi ya franchise kuri enterineti. Hano urashobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kwikorera-kumesa.

Franchises muri Hongiriya ikora ikurikije uburyo bumwe bwemewe kwisi. Birumvikana ko umwihariko w'akarere uhora uzirikanwa, kandi amategeko yubahirizwa hakurikijwe amategeko n'amabwiriza yashyizweho muri kariya gace. Urashobora kugura francise kubiciro byumvikana. Ntakindi kirenze uburenganzira bwo gukodesha ikirango runaka hamwe nuherekeza amategeko, amabwiriza, numutungo. Ibikoresho byo gushyira mubikorwa ibikorwa birashobora gutangwa nisosiyete mubihe bimwe. Kenshi na kenshi, niba uteza imbere francise muri Hongiriya, urashobora kwitega ko uzabona inama zimwe, mubisubizo wishyura ijanisha runaka ryibicuruzwa cyangwa amafaranga winjiza.

Hongiriya izwi cyane mu Burayi, abafite francise bazishimira gukora ibikorwa byabo kubutaka bwiki gihugu. Ukeneye gusa rwiyemezamirimo ubishoboye witeguye gushora imari mumafaranga mugutezimbere ubucuruzi. Hafi ya buri muntu ufite ubushobozi runaka bwo kuyobora kandi afite nubutunzi bwamafaranga yo gushora imari mugutezimbere ubucuruzi arashobora kwishora mubufaransa. Abantu bishimiye Hongiriya, izishima niba francise nshya yubwoko buhanitse ije kubutaka bwiki gihugu. Niyo mpamvu iri soko rifite ubushobozi kandi ryihariye mubiranga. Ubufaransa muri Hongiriya, kimwe no mubindi bihugu byo kwisi, buzakora neza niba rwiyemezamirimo ukora iki gikorwa yiteguye neza kandi agakora ibikorwa byose bisabwa kugirango iterambere ryubufaransa.

Gukuraho francise ni amahirwe yo gushyira mubikorwa ibikorwa byumusaruro ukoresheje ibikoresho bigezweho kuko murwego rwa sisitemu ya francising ufite amahirwe menshi kurenza ayo mashyirahamwe akorera muburyo bwigenga rwose. Ba rwiyemezamirimo hafi ya bose barashobora gukoresha francise, ariko akeneye umubare wamafaranga runaka. Kora francise yawe neza kandi neza, hanyuma gukuraho bizana urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza. Urashobora guhangana byoroshye numurimo uwo ariwo wose wimiterere iriho niba wegereye neza. Ntucikwe no kuguha amahirwe, gerageza kubikoresha bishoboka. Tanga gukuraho urugero rukwiye rwo kwitabwaho niba ukora ubwoko bwa franchise.

Ni ngombwa cyane kugera kubisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge, ibikorwa byubucuruzi bigomba kugenzurwa byuzuye, ukeneye francise. Mugihe cyo gushyira mubikorwa, ukeneye ibikoresho bigezweho, urugero, software. Koresha software muburyo bunoze kugirango sosiyete yawe ikore byoroshye ibikorwa byumusaruro. Hamwe na francise, ufite amahirwe menshi yo gutsinda kurusha umunywanyi wenyine. Cyane cyane niba uhisemo francise nziza nziza kuri wewe. Ntucikwe naya mahirwe wabonye. Gerageza kubyungukiramo byinshi, hanyuma ikigo cyawe gihinduke ikigo cyubucuruzi cyatsinze isoko.

Nkigice cyo gukuraho francise, ugomba gukorana nubutunzi. Niba utabuze amahirwe yawe, ubwo rwose uzatsinda kandi amahirwe azabana nawe. Ugera kubisubizo byiza mugihe ukoresheje umubare muto wumutungo bwite. Aya ni amahirwe yawe yo gutsinda mumarushanwa. Hamwe na francise isobanutse, ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurangiza imirimo yawe vuba kandi neza kuruta niba wakoraga wenyine wenyine. Biragoye gukora umushinga wenyine. Birasaba uburambe bwinshi.

Niba uguze francise ufite, noneho ibintu byose bigenda neza cyane kuruta uko wabitekereza. Ntucikwe naya mahirwe, hanyuma ikigo cyawe kiyobora neza kandi kirenze abanzi nyamukuru. Gukuraho francise ni umushinga wibandaho cyane mugushira mubikorwa ibikorwa byubucuruzi bijyanye. Buri kimwe muri byo kigomba kugenzurwa byuzuye nubuyobozi bwawe. Shaka abayobozi beza kuyobora sosiyete ubuhanga kandi ubuhanga. Mugihe ukora francise yo gukuraho, wakiriye, ubanza, ikirango cyubwoko buzwi, ikirangantego cyamamajwe kandi cyateguwe neza, kigezweho gikorana nibikoresho byabakiriya, urutonde rwibikoresho byose bikenewe, nibindi. Kubwibyo, wihaye inyungu zingirakamaro rwose, zifasha cyane mumarushanwa.

Niba ariko uhisemo gukora udafite francise kandi ugakora wigenga, birashoboka cyane, gukuraho ntibikora, kandi uhomba amafaranga washoye. Ariko niba ukora neza kuri francise, ntuzabura rwose kuba mwiza, kandi uzabona inyungu nziza uhereye kubikorwa byuzuye.