Franchise na franchisee nibisobanuro bifitanye isano cyane. Niba ushishikajwe na francise, noneho iyo ubonye uhinduka francisee. Ubu ni ubucuruzi bwunguka cyane, mugushyira mubikorwa ukeneye gukurikiza gusa amategeko kandi utangwa namabwiriza ya francise. Ntugomba kuzana ikintu gishya, kongera guhimba inzira yubucuruzi, gukora ibindi bikorwa bigoye. Birakenewe gusa kugura ubucuruzi bwiteguye, bwitwa francise. Umu francisee numuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibikoresho isosiyete ikomeye yose ikoresha mukubaka ubucuruzi.

Ntugomba kuzana ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye, ukeneye gukoresha igitekerezo cyiteguye. Mubyongeyeho, izina rimaze kumenyekana, bivuze ko ibiciro byo kongera urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane.

Mu rwego rwa francise, francisee igomba kugeza kubaguzi bayo gusa ko ibiro byahagarariye ibikorwa byaho byafunguwe mukarere. Nibihendutse cyane kuruta kumenyekanisha ikirango kitazwi guhera. Ubufaransa bushobora kuba ikawa ugura hafi ya cafe mugitondo, iduka ugura, pizzeria ifite izina ryisi kandi iherereye mubaturanyi b’umuguzi waho.

Ubufaransa buri hose kandi bugenda bwiyongera mubyamamare. Ubucuruzi bwiteguye gufungura icyitegererezo cya francise yemerera francisee gushora gusa umutungo wimari waboneka muburyo bwubucuruzi bumaze kugeragezwa kandi bukora. Ukeneye gusa gushyira mubikorwa neza bitangwa na francise. Franchisee ntakintu nakimwe ishobora guhura nacyo, kubera ko hari ubucuruzi bwihishe inyuma, ikirango kizwi, uburambe bunini bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka myinshi cyangwa imyaka mirongo yibikorwa bikomeye.

Franchising irangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwamamara mugihugu icyo aricyo cyose. Umuntu uhisemo kuba francisee arashobora gushora imari mumikoreshereze yimari, gushaka abakozi ukurikije ibipimo, kubaka inzira zubucuruzi, no kubona ibisubizo. Ndetse nibicuruzwa akenshi biva mubihugu bikomokamo franchise. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuko ushobora kuzigama umurimo nubutunzi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba cyangwa gukora ku kirango. Ibi byose bimaze kuboneka kuri wewe kandi bisigaye ni ugutangiza moderi ya biz yiteguye rwose izana umutungo wamafaranga nka bonus.

Umufaransa washoboye gukoresha neza francise yaguzwe, ahabwa igice kinini cyumutungo wamafaranga afite. Ingingo ya franchise iganirwaho muburyo butaziguye nuwabitanze kandi birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Kurugero, urashobora guhora ukuramo umugabane winyungu, cyangwa urashobora kumvikana kubindi bisabwa, byose biterwa na nyir'ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe.

Birahagije gusa kugura francise no gukoresha uburambe bwose bwungutse nabasekuruza babanjirije abantu iyo bigeze kubirango bishaje. Ugomba kwitonda cyane ukirinda amakosa kuko ibitagenda neza mugushinga francise birashobora kugaragara hanyuma francisee yakira ibibazo aho kubyunguka. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribintu bisanzwe cyane, kubwibyo, ugomba kwibanda kubikorwa byukuri byo mubikorwa byo mubiro.

Kurikiza francise no kongeramo ibyongeweho murwego rwo guhatanira isosiyete yawe. Nyuma ya byose, francises nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwaho, mugihe, urugero, muri McDonald bagurisha pancake niba iherereye muburusiya. Niba francise ihuye na McDonald ifunguye kubutaka bwa Qazaqistan, noneho cafe-ibiryo byihuse itanga amahitamo ya burger arimo inyama zifarashi kubaturage.

Ibirango binini bya francise bifite izina rizwi, fata umwanya wambere ku isoko, kwisi yose. Amasezerano manini, inyungu nini kandi ibi ntabwo ari ibanga kubantu. Abafite amafaranga ntibatakaza umwanya kubintu bito, bahita bafungura umuyoboro munini wa resitora, amaduka, salon yubwiza, amaduka yo kogosha, amahoteri, sitasiyo ya lisansi, nibindi. Ibirango bizwi cyane ni McDonald's, Holiday Inn, Subway, Chanel, Gucci, Dior, Zara, nabandi benshi. Buri munsi haba hari byinshi kandi byinshi. Kuki kugura francise ihendutse cyangwa nini kuburyo bikenewe? Ibintu byose byoroshye.

Ntibikenewe ko utangira ibintu byose uhereye kubitangira, ibi nibyiza cyane kubatangiye batamenya umusingi cyangwa ubuyobozi bonyine. Mugihe uguze francise, nini, iringaniye, cyangwa ihendutse, ugomba kumva ko usibye gahunda, ubona inkunga naba francisors, inzobere zacu, hamwe na gahunda hamwe nandi mabwiriza, inama zijyanye no kuzamurwa, no kwamamaza. Fungura ubucuruzi, utangire guhera, ariko ushyigikiwe nubucuruzi bwikinyamanswa. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa binini, ijanisha ryagabanijwe ku ba francisors nta gaciro rifite, risubizwa ibiciro byose kuva ukwezi kwa mbere. Iyo ukorana na kataloge ya francise, ufata ibyago hamwe nijanisha ntarengwa mugihe usuzuma imirimo yikigo runaka, ukurikije igihe ibikorwa byamasoko, amafaranga, nibindi bipimo. Nanone, iduka riboneka kugirango ryakire raporo zisesenguye buri munsi, buri cyumweru, buri kwezi, buri mwaka. Na none, muri kataloge iraboneka kugirango ubone ibyiciro byose bya francises (kuva bihenze kugeza bihendutse), byerekana ahantu (akarere).

Ubwishyu bwambere, hitawe kubwishyu rimwe hamwe nuburyo bwo kugurisha hamwe nabashinze, kugirango basuzume icyifuzo cyimiterere kumasoko nandi makuru. Ikindi wongeyeho mugushaka francise nini nuko nta mpamvu yo guta igihe cyo gukoresha umutungo.

Kubindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka hamagara inzobere zacu ukoresheje nimero yatanzwe. Ohereza icyifuzo ukoresheje e-imeri, kimwe no kujya kuri kataloge ya francise nini kugirango umenyeshe ibiciro, amazina ya francise nini cyangwa ihendutse, soma ibyasuzumwe nabakiriya (franchisees na francisors). Turabashimira mbere kubwinyungu zanyu kandi dutegereje ubufatanye burambye.

Ubufaransa bwo gutumanaho ni umushinga wubucuruzi ugezweho. Kugirango ubishyire mubikorwa neza, ukeneye inzira nziza. Ibi bivuga gushyira mubikorwa isesengura ryibanze kugirango ejo hazaza nta ngorane. Gukora kuri francise, wowe, nka francisee, wiyemeje inshingano zimwe ninshuti yawe nkuru. Ubwa mbere, mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise, urasabwa gukuramo imisanzu ya buri kwezi, ingano ishobora gutandukana kandi biterwa ninjiza. Na none, ijanisha ryo kugabanywa rishobora kuba ritandukanye, byose biterwa namasezerano yabaye.

Itumanaho ryitumanaho rizemeza ko ufite ikoranabuhanga abanywanyi bawe badafite. Ibi ubwabyo ninyungu zikomeye mukurwanya abo duhanganye. Ntabwo bishoboka ko abakurwanya bazashaka gutanga isoko nisoko ihuza ushaka. Ubufaransa bushobora gutanga amakuru akenewe, kumenya-uburyo, n'ikoranabuhanga. Nibyo, kugira ikirango kizwi kuri francise y'itumanaho nabyo ni ngombwa cyane. Itumanaho nisoko yitumanaho, kubwibyo, ugomba kubona ubushakashatsi bwakozwe neza kandi buhamye bukora kumasoko. Fata ibyo watoranije mububiko butanga amahitamo yo guhitamo.

Niba ushishikajwe no gutumanaho no gushyira mubikorwa ubu bwoko bwa francise, ugomba rero kumenya abo bahanganye ugomba guhura nabyo mugihe cyo gukora imirimo yo mubiro. Niba ukorana nisesengura ryapiganwa, ntukirengagize nibindi bikoresho bijyanye. Iyo ushyira mubikorwa itumanaho, birakwiye kwibuka igikoresho cyitwa gusesengura swot. Ntabwo igufasha kumenya ibyiza n'ibibi gusa ahubwo inagufasha kumva amahirwe ufite ningaruka zishobora kubangamira ishyirwa mubikorwa ryumushinga wubucuruzi. Igenamigambi ryateguwe neza ryitumanaho rizagufasha guhuza umutungo wububiko kugirango ububiko bwibicuruzwa bidatera ingorane. Kora icyiciro kimwe mugice cyambere wimura kuva 9 kugeza 11% kuruhande rwa francisor.

Nta gushidikanya ko azishima kandi azahita aguha amakuru yose yukuntu wubaka francise ishoboye itumanaho. Nyuma ya byose, impande zombi zishishikajwe no gutezimbere, kubwibyo, byose bizagenda neza.

Kubara nkana, gusesengura, guhitamo itumanaho rya salon francise ni garanti yiterambere ryiterambere ryikimenyetso cyitumanaho rya selire no kuzamura ibikorwa bya ba rwiyemezamirimo ba francisee. Ba nyiri salon y'itumanaho francise, mubisanzwe, bose bari mumwanya umwe kandi barangana mugutezimbere ubucuruzi bwabo. Buri francise yaguzwe, hagamijwe kuba umufatanyabikorwa wumukoresha, itumanaho rya terefone igendanwa, ifite ibyiza n'ibibi, kandi mu turere dutandukanye twigihugu twigaragaza muburyo butandukanye. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe twaho, itumanaho, imirongo ya terefone ikora neza, mubindi bibi, utitaye kuri 'coolness' yikimenyetso cyumukoresha. Umukiriya shingiro ukurikije umubare wabakiriya ntabwo yerekana gutandukana kwinshi. Igiciro cyamafaranga yo kwiyandikisha buri kwezi, agaciro ka traffic traffic, ubwiza bwumurongo witumanaho, ibiciro byinjira byinjira nibisohoka bigira uruhare runini mukuzamuka kwabakiriya.

Ubucuruzi, inyungu zingirakamaro mubufatanye hagati ya francisor na franchisee ningirakamaro cyane kubisabwa na salon igendanwa. Mbere ya byose, gufungura byimazeyo umubano wamasezerano biri kumwanya wambere. Igihe kingana iki amasezerano yubufaransa asohozwa muburyo bwiza, hamwe no kuzuza ibipimo byose byamasezerano yasinywe. Ukuntu byujuje ubuziranenge kandi kurwego rukwiye, ubufasha bwuburyo butangwa kuri salon franchisee yihariye. Gukora gahunda ihoraho yo guhugura abakozi ba francisee mugushikira tekinike yo kugurisha imitako ishobora gukurura byihuse inyungu ninyungu zabakiriya, kuba umufatabuguzi wa francise yawe, no kugura, muri salon yawe gusa. Politiki ikora ihuriweho, yoroheje ya francise ibiciro, ifata itangwa rya serivisi igabanywa, ituma byongera abakiriya vuba kandi bikagera no kumurongo-wo kugura francise yaguzwe.

Itumanaho rya terefone ngendanwa, hamwe nisosiyete yatangije isoko ryamamaza rifite ubushobozi, ritanga imishinga mito mito yubucuruzi kwishyura - mbere y amezi atandatu, hamwe n’ingwate, buri kwezi, inyungu ya rwiyemezamirimo - franchisee, amadolari arenga ibihumbi 5 byamadorari y’Amerika. Francise ya selile ni symbiose yo kwamamaza, inyungu, no kugurisha bikabije, guteza imbere ibicuruzwa. Itumanaho rya terefone ngendanwa nubufasha bwubwoko bwose butangwa naba francisor mugihe cyubufatanye no kugira uruhare rugaragara rwa rwiyemezamirimo-francisee mubucuruzi, kwamamaza, no kuzamura. Ihuriro ry’imiyoboro y’itumanaho rigendanwa ritanga uburyo bwiza bwo kugiciro cyiza cya serivisi zingenzi zikoreshwa mu baturage b’akarere. Ubufaransa butuma bishoboka gutanga serivisi no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya selile ku giciro kiri munsi y’ibiciro by’isoko, gukurikiza politiki y’ibiciro byoroshye, bitera ikizere n’ubudahemuka by’abakiriya ku kirango. Guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo ni ingwate y'abakozi basanzwe b'amahugurwa ya salon y'itumanaho rya selire, mu bigo byabo by’uburezi n'amahugurwa, hamwe n'ubwoko bwose bw'abafatanyabikorwa ba francise hamwe nigihe cyo gufashanya kugisha inama.

Gutanga ibikoresho bitandukanye bya terefone, ibicuruzwa, nibindi bikoresho hamwe nibiciro byinshi. Amasezerano y'itumanaho rya terefone yasezeranijwe atanga ibikoresho byemewe kuri franchisee yibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge biturutse ku bakora ibicuruzwa ku giciro cyiza, bikagabanya ingaruka zo kugura ibicuruzwa bidafite ubuziranenge cyangwa impimbano. Gutanga serivisi munsi yubucuruzi bwikirango kizwi cyane cyubucuruzi ni garanti yo kunyurwa birambye, icyifuzo cyabaturage cyingirakamaro, kubicuruzwa byikigo, no kubona francisee yinjiza menshi.