Ubucuruzi bwubucuruzi burasanzwe mubucuruzi bwumunsi. Mubisobanuro rusange byijambo, francises ni amasezerano yagiranye na nyiri ikirango (inzira yikoranabuhanga, umutungo wubwenge, ikirango, imiterere yubucuruzi, nibindi) kuburenganzira bwo gukoresha ikirango cyagenwe mubihe bimwe. Mubyukuri, franchisee (ishyaka rifite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha) rihinduka umufatanyabikorwa wa francisor (nyiri ikirango) mumushinga wubucuruzi witeguye, utezwa imbere. Ntabwo ari ubuntu. Amasezerano ya francises ntashobora kuba akubiyemo ikoranabuhanga gusa nuburenganzira bwo kurekura ibicuruzwa cyangwa gutanga serivisi mwizina runaka ariko nanone gutanga ibikoresho byamamaza, imikoranire yubucuruzi, gahunda zubucuruzi, amahugurwa yabakozi, nibindi. inyungu.

Ubwa mbere, umuntu abona ubucuruzi bwiteguye hafi, bwamamajwe bihagije, hamwe nabakiriya b'indahemuka nabafatanyabikorwa mubucuruzi. Icya kabiri, nk'itegeko, inzira zose z'ubucuruzi zimaze gukorwa, gusobanurwa neza, no kugeragezwa kenshi mubikorwa. Icya gatatu, francisee mubisanzwe ntabwo ihura numurimo wo gukora ubushakashatsi kumasoko nibyifuzo byabaguzi, guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nibirango. Inshingano zayo ni ugutanga ibikorwa byubucuruzi byumusaruro kandi byateguwe kandi bizwi cyane mubucuruzi (cyangwa serivisi), nkuko bisanzwe, bivuze ko byinjijwe neza kandi byunguka bisanzwe nyuma yo gutangira akazi. Nibyo, francising nayo ifite ingaruka zayo ningaruka mbi zishobora kubaho mubikorwa byubucuruzi. Mbere ya byose, turavuga ko ari ngombwa kwishyura amafaranga yimisoro (amafaranga ateganijwe yo gukoresha ikirango). Akenshi ibarwa nkijanisha ryibicuruzwa, ariko birashobora no gukosorwa.

Serivisi zinyongera (kwamamaza no gushyigikira amakuru, inkunga yubucuruzi ninkunga yubuyobozi, ubufasha muguhitamo no guhugura abakozi, nibindi) nabyo ntibitangwa kubuntu. Igiciro cya francises giterwa nigiciro cyibicuruzwa byatanzwe muri ubu bwoko bwubukode kandi birashobora kubarwa mubihumbi na miriyoni z'amadorari (urugero, nka McDonald's). Twabibutsa ko ibigo binini kandi bizwi, bifite francises bihenze, akenshi biha francisees zabo amahirwe yo kwishyura ayo mafaranga mubice, ibyo bikaba bigabanya umutwaro kubucuruzi mumezi yambere ndetse nimyaka yabayeho.

Amahugurwa ya franchise azakora neza ibikorwa byumusaruro niba ibikorwa byose bisabwa bikozwe neza murwego rwo kwitegura. Ubufaransa, kimwe nubundi bwoko bwibikorwa, bugomba gutangizwa neza kumasoko no kwemeza neza kubisabwa. Na none, ugomba gukora isesengura ryibanze ukoresheje urwego rwose rwibikoresho bitandukanye. Ubwa mbere, mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise kumahugurwa, birakenewe rwose gukora isesengura rya swot, kimwe no gusesengura ibikorwa byapiganwa. Ubu ni ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwo gusesengura butuma hamenyekana ibizagerwaho mugushyira mubikorwa umushinga wubucuruzi. Ubufaransa bwamahugurwa burashobora gukoreshwa na rwiyemezamirimo watsinze hafi yibanda mumaboko ye umubare munini wamafaranga yo gushora.

Amahugurwa ya francise arashobora kubonwa nkumushinga wubucuruzi, kimwe nishoramari ryumutungo wimari utangira kwishyura vuba. Ariko, birakwiye kwibuka ko ugomba no kwishyura francise. Wowe ukodesha francise hanyuma ukaba umuguzi wihariye wikirango kizwi cyane kugirango ugurishe ibicuruzwa cyangwa utange serivisi ukurikije amabwiriza meza. Niba ufite uruhare mu mahugurwa, noneho francise igomba guhitamo ukurikije ibiranga akarere. Niba ubwoko runaka bwibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi bidakunzwe mugace runaka, noneho, ahari, francise kumahugurwa ntabwo izaba ikenewe neza. Menya hakiri kare ibishoboka byo guteza imbere umushinga wubucuruzi kugirango utazinjira mubihe bikomeye nyuma.

Mu buryo nk'ubwo, nyir'amahugurwa franchise akeneye gusobanura icyemezo cyawe cyo kwinjira ku isoko munsi yikimenyetso kizwi.

Amahugurwa ya franchise azaba nyuma yo kubaka gahunda yubucuruzi no gutondekanya ibiciro byose bigomba gutangwa. Mubyongeyeho, uzakenera gushyira murutonde rwibiciro amafaranga yose uzishyura mumahugurwa ya francise. Iyimurwa hafi ako kanya kuri konti ya francisor kandi ni ngombwa cyane kuzirikana ibi mugihe ukora imirimo yo mu biro. Gukorana namahugurwa franchise bizagufasha gupfukirana ubwoko butandukanye bwibiciro niba ubikora neza. Birashoboka gutegura amahugurwa kuburyo ikora kurwego rukwiye rwubuziranenge. Kugirango ukore ibi, ni ngombwa kugura francise - ikirangantego kizwi.

Niba ukora mu izina ryikirango kizwi cyane, amahirwe yawe yo gutsinda ni menshi cyane. Amahugurwa ya franchise azagufasha gukorana neza nabakiriya bawe kandi uyobore urutonde rwamategeko n'amabwiriza ushobora kubona kuri francisor.

Mugihe cyo guteza imbere francise muri Turukimenisitani, hagomba kwitonderwa cyane. Buriwese azi ko iyi ari leta ifunze kandi yihariye. Urashobora kugira ibibazo bitunguranye bigomba guhita bitabwaho mugihe utangiye francise muri Turukimenisitani. Niba ugishishikajwe na francise hanyuma ugahitamo gutangira ibikorwa nkibi, haribintu bimwe ugomba kuzirikana. Kurugero, francise muri Turukimenisitani izakora ikurikije amabwiriza namategeko yemejwe nisosiyete yababyeyi. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane, bivuze ko ugomba gusuzuma aya makuru mugihe utangiye umushinga.

Birasanzwe ko Turukimenisitani yubaka ubukungu bwayo ku buryo bwihariye. Abafaransa nabo bagomba gutezwa imbere muri kano karere nkuko amategeko abiteganya. Mugihe kimwe, birakwiye guhuza amategeko namabwiriza yakarere hamwe naya mabwiriza wakiriye na nyiri francise. Ibi nibyingenzi cyane, kuko niba ibikorwa byamategeko yo mukarere bititabwaho bidahagije, ushobora guhura nibibazo bikomeye. Abantu baba muri Turukimenisitani bishimiye igihugu, kubwibyo, niba uteza imbere francise, noneho iyi ngingo igomba kwitabwaho. Kurugero, bimwe mubyifuzo, biranga Turukimenisitani gusa, birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango francise itere imbere kurushaho.