Amashirahamwe y'abana mw'isi ya none arakenewe cyane, cyane cyane bitewe nubushake buke bwibicuruzwa byabana ugereranije nibicuruzwa bikuze. Nyuma ya byose, ugomba kwemera ko abana bakeneye imyenda n'inkweto bishya cyane kuruta abakuze. Ubwa mbere, bakura vuba, kandi, icya kabiri, gutandukanwa nibikorwa byiyongereye, bihita bituma bidakoreshwa. Ababyeyi rero akenshi bagomba gusura amaduka no kuvugurura imyenda yabana babo bakunda. Byongeye kandi, gukorana nabana francises ntabwo bigarukira kumyenda ninkweto. Muri iki gihe, ubucuruzi bujyanye nimyambarire y'abana bwateye imbere cyane, bityo imifuka, imikandara, imitako, nibindi kubana birasabwa cyane.

Ibi bivuze ko ububiko bwibicuruzwa byabana cyangwa ubucuruzi bwumudugudu ucuruza byanze bikunze bizana francisee, niba bidakabije, noneho urwego rwemewe rwinyungu. Icyangombwa, byihuse bihagije muribyo bihe iyo bigeze kumurongo uzwi, wamamajwe ufite abayoboke bahoraho. Kubyerekeye umukino, nta mpamvu yo kuvuga. Ni muri urwo rwego, igitekerezo cyabakora ntigisanzwe. Ubwoko butandukanye bwibipupe, imodoka, robot, ibikoresho bitandukanye bya mashini na elegitoronike, ibikinisho byabana byigisha, nibindi birwanya gusa ibisobanuro. Kubwibyo, umubare wubufaransa butandukanye murwego rwo gutanga ibikinisho uragenda wiyongera buri mwaka.

Ku buryo butandukanye, birakwiye ko dukoraho kuri francises y'abana mubigo by'ibigo by'amashuri abanza, ibigo byita ku majyambere ndetse n’uburezi, gahunda z’indimi, ingando z’impeshyi, n’izindi serivisi zijyanye no gutunganya uburere n’uburere bw’abana. Abahanga bavuga ko buri mwaka abantu bashishikajwe n’iterambere ry’amarangamutima n’ubwenge ry’abana bigenda byiyongera cyane. Nubwo hari ibibazo, igabanuka rusange ry’amafaranga y’abaturage benshi, ubushomeri, n’ibindi, abantu biteguye gushora imari mu burezi bw’abana. Mubyukuri, imyumvire mibi yavuzwe yose igira uruhare runini muri izi nyungu, kubera ko bisanzwe biganisha ku kongera amarushanwa ku isoko ry'umurimo. Kugirango umwana agire akarusho kuri bagenzi be kandi abe umuhanga ushakishwa, ubumenyi, ubuhanga, nubushobozi bwe bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge abo bahanganye. Kubwamahirwe, ireme ryuburezi busanzwe bwishuri (hamwe namashuri makuru nayo) ryagiye rigabanuka mumyaka mirongo ishize kandi ntabwo riha abana ibyo bakeneye.

Ababyeyi benshi barabyumva muri iki gihe. Mubushobozi bwabo nubushobozi bwabo, bagerageza guha abana babo amahirwe yinyongera yo kwiga no kunguka ubumenyi bukenewe mubigo bitandukanye byuburezi, ubuhanzi, indimi, nibindi. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uburezi n’uburere by’abana, amasezerano y’ubufaransa arasabwa cyane cyane, kubera ko mu rwego rw’ubufaransa, nyir'ikirango ubusanzwe atanga integanyanyigisho ziteguye, imfashanyigisho, porogaramu yihariye, ikoranabuhanga ryiga (umukino, umushinga, mudasobwa, n'ibindi. ), ibisubizo muri sisitemu yo gusuzuma, ibikoresho byongeweho, nibindi. Ni ukuvuga, inkunga yubuyobozi namakuru yamakuru yuburezi yatanzwe rwose. Byongeye kandi, akenshi abafite ibigo byuburezi byabana birabujijwe mu buryo butaziguye gukoresha mu kazi kabo ibikoresho n’ikoranabuhanga bitari ibyemejwe na francisor.

Nibyo, byinshi biterwa nibisabwa namasezerano, ariko, nkuko bisanzwe, ikiguzi cya francises biterwa nurwego rwiza rw'ibicuruzwa (ibicuruzwa na serivisi, ikoranabuhanga n'ubumenyi-buryo, imishinga y'ubucuruzi, na gahunda z'ubucuruzi) ). Niba umu francisee yiyemeje kugura francises yikirango cyamamare cyabana, niwe wambere udashishikajwe no guhindura muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose ibicuruzwa byemejwe kandi byemejwe neza no gutanga serivisi algorithm (harimo nuburezi) muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Mw'isi ya none, francises (harimo ibicuruzwa na serivisi byabana) iragenda ikwirakwira kandi ikenewe cyane. Ibi birasobanutse neza, kubera ko gutunganya umusaruro no gutanga serivisi zubucuruzi munsi yizina ryumuntu uzwi, usanzwe 'yazamuwe' umwe ntabwo ari bibi cyane kandi birahenze mubijyanye numutungo ugereranije nikirango cyayo, nkuko babivuga, 'kuva gushushanya '. Ntibikenewe ko ukoresha amafaranga numwanya mugushakisha isoko ryabanywanyi nibyifuzo byabaguzi, guteza imbere ikirango, gutangiza ibicuruzwa (cyangwa serivisi) kumasoko, inkunga ihoraho yubudahemuka bwabakiriya, guteza imbere no kugenzura iyubahirizwa ryibikorwa byubucuruzi, tekinike yo kugurisha, nibindi byose bimaze kuremwa, kugeragezwa mubikorwa, no kwerekana imikorere yabyo. Abaguzi basanzwe bazi ikirango (byibuze itsinda rigamije), barabyizeye, kandi ntibakeneye ikindi kimenyetso cyerekana ubuziranenge bwacyo. Birumvikana ko kurundi ruhande, hari ikiguzi.

Mbere ya byose, ugomba kwishyura francises zose (abana nabo), kubera ko tuvuga ubucuruzi butanga inyungu (ntamuntu ugura francises mumishinga idaharanira inyungu). Kwishura mbere bigenwa kandi bigenwa namasezerano ya francises. Mubyukuri, ubu ni ubwishyu bwambere bwakozwe kuburenganzira bwo kwinjira muri sisitemu yihariye ya francises. Birashobora kuba bike ugereranije na miriyoni z'amadolari kuva biterwa nigiciro cyikirango. Mugihe aho ubwishyu bwambere ari bunini bihagije, abafaransa bamwe baha abafatanyabikorwa babo amahirwe yo kuyishyura mubice. Byongeye kandi, franchisee igomba kwishyura buri kwezi.

Nkuko bisanzwe, bagenwa nkijanisha ryibicuruzwa, ariko birashobora no gukosorwa. Kubera ko abana nandi masezerano yubufaransa asinywa mugihe runaka, niba francisee ishaka kongera umubano wubucuruzi, hasinywe amasezerano mashya. Muri uru rubanza, kuvugurura amafaranga ya francise yishyurwa aho kuba iyambere. Ingano yacyo igenwa n’amasezerano y’ababuranyi kandi biterwa nimpamvu nyinshi.

Ubufaransa bwa sitasiyo ya lisansi buzakora neza niba bwarakozwe neza kandi neza. Niba ukora kuri francise, noneho uhinduka umuntu ubazwa gusa raporo igomba gukorerwa francisor. Bafite uruhare rutaziguye mubyo wagezeho no kubungabunga ikirango. Birakenewe kwirinda igihombo cyicyubahiro muburyo bwose. Kubwibyo, guteza imbere sitasiyo ya lisansi ikora neza kandi nta kibazo. Uzakenera gukora neza kugirango utazagira ibibazo bikomeye.

Mugihe kizaza, mugihe utegura francise ya sitasiyo ya lisansi, ugomba kandi kumva ko iyi ari niche irushanwa cyane. Kubwibyo, urwego rwo guhatanira imyanya myiza ruzagerwaho. Kugirango utazahura ningorane kandi ugatsinda intsinzi kurugamba, birakenewe gukoresha tekinoroji yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe nubumenyi bwose bushoboka. Kora murwego rwa sitasiyo ya lisansi, kugura no kugurisha lisansi ukurikije ibipimo byiza kandi bihuye nibipimo byiza. Ikigo cyawe gikeneye kuba cyiza kurenza abo bahanganye. Ibi bizakurura abaguzi benshi. Kandi ibi bivuze ko uzashobora kugira ibicuruzwa byinshi.

Ukeneye ibi gusa kuko uzishyura ibirenze imisoro nkigice cya lisansi. Bizaba ngombwa kohereza amafaranga runaka kuri francisor buri kwezi. Ubu ni ubwoko bwo kwishyura mugushira mubikorwa ibikorwa munsi ya francise.

Mugihe ukorana na sitasiyo ya lisansi, urashobora kugira ibibazo byo gutanga. Ugomba kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa bigenda neza kugirango umuryango wawe udahagarara. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zirashobora guhuzwa nibikorwa byo guhatana. Mu rwego rwa sitasiyo ya lisansi, ntibishoboka ko umwe mubahanganye azemera byoroshye ko ufite imyanya yisoko yahoze ari iyabo. Nukuri abanywanyi bazifashisha uburyo butandukanye bwo kurwana. Akenshi, nuburyo bwo guhatanira akarengane bukoreshwa iyo bigeze kuri francise muri sitasiyo ya lisansi.

Ibi ni ngombwa cyane kuzirikana, kubwibyo, umuntu ntagomba kwirengagiza amakuru aboneka. Shyira mubikorwa sitasiyo ya lisansi neza kandi neza, wirinde amakosa yose. Noneho uzashobora gutanga raporo zirambuye kuri francisor kandi ntuzagire ikibazo. Na none, gutanga imisoro kuri leta bigomba gukorwa buri gihe kandi mubushobozi. Shyira mu bikorwa sitasiyo ya lisansi ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukora neza kandi ntukirengagize kwiga imibare. Ibi nibyingenzi cyane kandi bizagufasha gufata ibyemezo byukuri kandi byemejwe nubuyobozi ubuziraherezo. Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa francise kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi, ingorane zose zavutse zirashobora kuneshwa hifashishijwe gahunda yateguwe mbere.

Nyuma ya byose, uzaba witeguye mubihe bitandukanye, kubwibyo, uzamenya ibikorwa nyabyo ugomba gukora.

Sitasiyo ya lisansi ikora kugurisha ibigega bya lisansi. Kubwibyo, igice cyinyungu kigomba kwimurwa kubafite francise. Izi nintererano, murizo harimo nka eshatu. Iya mbere muri yo ikorwa rimwe. Yitwa icyarimwe. Byongeye kandi, murwego rwo gushyira mubikorwa francise kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi, uzishyura ibyiciro bibiri buri kwezi.

Izina ryambere ni ubwami. Iya kabiri yitwa kugabanywa kwamamaza kwisi yose. Ijanisha ry'iyi ntererano ribarwa nk'umugabane w'inyungu wakiriye mu kwezi. Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa francise kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi, ugomba kumva neza kandi ukumva ko ugomba gusabwa amafaranga menshi kurenza abo mukorana, bakora mu izina ryikirango cyabo. Nyuma ya byose, ntibazagomba kwishyura kugeza 9% buri kwezi bivuye mubyo binjije. Kurugero, amasezerano ashobora kugirana amasezerano yo kugabanya igiciro cyose cyo kugabanywa buri kwezi. Irashobora kuba aho kuba 9%, kurugero, 3%.

Byose biterwa namasezerano yanyuma washoboye kugeraho kandi ufite umutekano murwego rwinyandiko yumutwe. Shyira mu bikorwa sitasiyo ya lisansi ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwumwuga ushyira mubikorwa ubushakashatsi bwibarurishamibare. Isesengura rirambuye rizatanga igitekerezo cyuko ibintu bimeze. Bizashoboka gukora neza kandi ntugire ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose muri francise ya sitasiyo ya lisansi. Ukeneye gusa kwibanda kumiterere iriho hanyuma ugakora ukurikije amategeko.

Ubufaransa bwa sitasiyo ya lisansi buzakora neza mugihe ibipimo byikigo byubahirijwe neza, intambwe ku yindi. Bazaguha abahagarariye ibirango. Bashishikajwe kandi no kongera amafaranga winjiza. Nyuma ya byose, bategereje kubona ijanisha runaka ryinyungu washoboye kubona mugihe cyukwezi. Shyira mubikorwa lisansi yubushobozi, wirinde amakosa muri gahunda yingenzi. Icyo gihe uzabigeraho.

Bizashoboka kongera neza ingano yinyemezabwishyu. Hamwe na sitasiyo ya lisansi, ibibazo bitandukanye bivuka birashobora kuneshwa byoroshye. Kugirango ukore ibi, birakenewe gukora isesengura ryibanze rigamije gutegura gahunda yubucuruzi. Gereranya ibipimo byimari, byateganijwe nibiriho, hanyuma uzabashe gusobanukirwa numwanya uhagaze muruganda, hamwe nuburyo ibintu byifashe kumasoko yo hanze. Twibuke ko kugabanyirizwa nyiri francise bigomba guhora bibarwa. Wige amakuru aboneka hanyuma, uzashobora gusubiza neza mubihe bitandukanye. Bizashoboka kurangiza byoroshye imirimo yose yashinzwe, uhinduke umuyobozi udashidikanya.

Sitasiyo ya lisansi ni umushinga ushobora kubyara inyungu kandi ufite akamaro. Birashobora guteza akaga gusa kuberako ibikorwa nkibi birimo amafaranga menshi. Kandi aho hari amafaranga menshi, hari ibikorwa byubugizi bwa nabi bwabanywanyi bawe bishobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye. Kugira ngo wirinde ikibazo nk'iki, birakenewe gusubiza neza kandi ubishoboye mubihe bishobora guteza akaga. Kurugero, niba mugihe cyo gushyira mubikorwa francise kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi, gusohoka kwabakiriya byatangiye, uzabyumva ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho. Ingamba zihagije zirashobora gufatwa mugihe, kandi igisubizo cyihuse kizemeza ko ubukungu bwifashe neza muri francise.

Amavuta ya francise ni umushinga wubucuruzi wingenzi, iyo, nibishyirwa mubikorwa, bizagufasha kwishimira umubare munini winjiza. Ariko, niba ukorana na lisansi, noneho ibikorwa nkibi byuzuyemo akaga. Shyira mubikorwa francise ukurikije ibipimo n'amabwiriza hanyuma, ntuzagira ingorane zikomeye na gato. Ibinyuranye na byo, urashobora guhangana byoroshye imirimo iyo ari yo yose, kandi ibihe bigoye byavutse birashobora gukemurwa neza ukoresheje uburambe bwabafatanyabikorwa bawe. Ubufaransa bugomba gukoreshwa mugihe urwego rwo guhatanira isoko ruri hejuru cyane. Nyuma ya byose, noneho ubona inyungu zingirakamaro cyane muburyo bwo gukoresha ikirango cyubwoko buzwi, kimwe nibindi byiza byose uzashobora kubona kugirango ugere kubitsinzi mumarushanwa.

Sitasiyo ya lisansi igomba kubakwa kuburyo urwego rwumutekano rugerwaho kandi biroroshye gutangaza ko witaye kumutekano wumutungo nubuzima bwabakiriya bazakugana. Ubufaransa buzaguha ibyangombwa byose bikenewe, ubifashijwemo bizashoboka kubaka umushinga wubucuruzi ukoresheje imiterere yamahanga. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuva udakeneye kwigenga kwigenga no guhimba ikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Wishyura gusa amafaranga yimisoro kuri francisor, kandi nawe, nkumuburanyi ubishaka, aguha amakuru yuzuye. Ibi bikoresho byamakuru birashobora gukoreshwa hanyuma, uzagira amahirwe yose yo kugera kubisubizo bitangaje.

Mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise ya francise, ugomba kwibuka ko usibye inyungu ninyungu, ufite ninshingano zimwe. Ubwa mbere, wishyura kugeza 11% byamafaranga yishoramari ako kanya mugitangira ubucuruzi bwawe. Ubu ni bwo bwitwa ubwishyu bumwe, umubare w'amafaranga wohereza bidasubirwaho kuri francisor. Byongeye kandi, gushyira mubikorwa francise yo kongeramo lisansi, uzaryozwa kandi kwishyura buri kwezi kugeza kuri 9% byamafaranga yinjije. Ibi nibice bibiri, kimwe cyitwa royalties, ikindi nukugabanya kwamamaza. Mubyongeyeho, mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise, urashobora kandi kwiyemeza kugura ibarura runaka ahantu hagaragajwe na francisor.

Ibi nibikorwa bisanzwe kandi bikoreshwa namasosiyete menshi yashoboye kwimenyekanisha nkabayobozi bisi kwisi ku isoko.

Gukora neza francise bizaguha amahirwe, ntabwo bikurura abakiriya ukoresheje iki kirango gusa, ahubwo uzanashobora gutegura akazi ko mubiro ukurikije bagenzi bawe beza bo mumahanga. Ariko ibyo sibyo byose. Uzagira amahirwe yo kuvugana na francisor no kubona uburambe butagereranywa bwo guhura nabaguzi ndetse nisi yo hanze kuri we. Gukoresha sitasiyo ya lisansi birumvikana, biroroshye. Birashobora kuneshwa niba ukoze byose ukurikije amategeko n'amabwiriza yakiriwe. Ntabwo uzagira ikibazo cyo guhura nabakiriya niba uhugura abakozi neza kandi abakozi bawe bafata neza inshingano zabo zakazi.

Mugihe ukorana na francise ya lisansi, birakwiye kandi kwibuka ko ushobora kugenzurwa na francisor kugirango ubuziranenge bwiza. Arashobora kohereza, yaba komisiyo, ishobora kwerekana mu buryo butunguranye kandi igategura sheki, cyangwa umuguzi w'amayobera. Iyo ukorana na francise, umuguzi wamayobera nubuhanga bukunzwe gukoreshwa nikirango cyo gusuzuma ireme rya serivisi. Byongeye kandi, ntuzamenya ko wasuzumwe. Gusa ukurikije ibisubizo byubugenzuzi urashobora kubona ibitekerezo bimwe. Kenshi na kenshi, urashobora kutemererwa kuba umugabuzi wihariye wa francise ya lisansi niba ukora nabi cyane mubyo ushinzwe.

Ibi birashobora kwirindwa mugufata buri mukiriya nkumuntu ushobora kugura amayobera.

Sitasiyo ya lisansi ikora neza ntabwo izaguha gusa urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza. Uzashobora kandi kubabaza gusangira inyungu na francisor mukwezi kumuha amafaranga runaka yumutungo. Nibisanzwe kuri wewe kuriha uburenganzira bwo gukora ikirango cyohejuru, kimwe no gutanga umusanzu wose mukwamamaza kwisi. Erega burya, ntibikora mubindi bihugu gusa ahubwo no mubutaka bwumujyi ukoreramo umushinga wawe. Korana na sitasiyo ya lisansi kandi wihe inyungu zinyuranye zo guhatanira kuba rwiyemezamirimo watsinze cyane. Uzashobora gukora neza imirimo iyo ari yo yose yo mu biro kuva uzaba ufite ikoranabuhanga rikenewe.

Kurugero, irashobora kuba software idasanzwe ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byose byurusobe.