Franchise na franchisee nibisobanuro bifitanye isano cyane. Niba ushishikajwe na francise, noneho iyo ubonye uhinduka francisee. Ubu ni ubucuruzi bwunguka cyane, mugushyira mubikorwa ukeneye gukurikiza gusa amategeko kandi utangwa namabwiriza ya francise. Ntugomba kuzana ikintu gishya, kongera guhimba inzira yubucuruzi, gukora ibindi bikorwa bigoye. Birakenewe gusa kugura ubucuruzi bwiteguye, bwitwa francise. Umu francisee numuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibikoresho isosiyete ikomeye yose ikoresha mukubaka ubucuruzi.

Ntugomba kuzana ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye, ukeneye gukoresha igitekerezo cyiteguye. Mubyongeyeho, izina rimaze kumenyekana, bivuze ko ibiciro byo kongera urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane.

Mu rwego rwa francise, francisee igomba kugeza kubaguzi bayo gusa ko ibiro byahagarariye ibikorwa byaho byafunguwe mukarere. Nibihendutse cyane kuruta kumenyekanisha ikirango kitazwi guhera. Ubufaransa bushobora kuba ikawa ugura hafi ya cafe mugitondo, iduka ugura, pizzeria ifite izina ryisi kandi iherereye mubaturanyi b’umuguzi waho.

Ubufaransa buri hose kandi bugenda bwiyongera mubyamamare. Ubucuruzi bwiteguye gufungura icyitegererezo cya francise yemerera francisee gushora gusa umutungo wimari waboneka muburyo bwubucuruzi bumaze kugeragezwa kandi bukora. Ukeneye gusa gushyira mubikorwa neza bitangwa na francise. Franchisee ntakintu nakimwe ishobora guhura nacyo, kubera ko hari ubucuruzi bwihishe inyuma, ikirango kizwi, uburambe bunini bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka myinshi cyangwa imyaka mirongo yibikorwa bikomeye.

Franchising irangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwamamara mugihugu icyo aricyo cyose. Umuntu uhisemo kuba francisee arashobora gushora imari mumikoreshereze yimari, gushaka abakozi ukurikije ibipimo, kubaka inzira zubucuruzi, no kubona ibisubizo. Ndetse nibicuruzwa akenshi biva mubihugu bikomokamo franchise. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuko ushobora kuzigama umurimo nubutunzi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba cyangwa gukora ku kirango. Ibi byose bimaze kuboneka kuri wewe kandi bisigaye ni ugutangiza moderi ya biz yiteguye rwose izana umutungo wamafaranga nka bonus.

Umufaransa washoboye gukoresha neza francise yaguzwe, ahabwa igice kinini cyumutungo wamafaranga afite. Ingingo ya franchise iganirwaho muburyo butaziguye nuwabitanze kandi birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Kurugero, urashobora guhora ukuramo umugabane winyungu, cyangwa urashobora kumvikana kubindi bisabwa, byose biterwa na nyir'ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe.

Birahagije gusa kugura francise no gukoresha uburambe bwose bwungutse nabasekuruza babanjirije abantu iyo bigeze kubirango bishaje. Ugomba kwitonda cyane ukirinda amakosa kuko ibitagenda neza mugushinga francise birashobora kugaragara hanyuma francisee yakira ibibazo aho kubyunguka. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribintu bisanzwe cyane, kubwibyo, ugomba kwibanda kubikorwa byukuri byo mubikorwa byo mubiro.

Kurikiza francise no kongeramo ibyongeweho murwego rwo guhatanira isosiyete yawe. Nyuma ya byose, francises nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwaho, mugihe, urugero, muri McDonald bagurisha pancake niba iherereye muburusiya. Niba francise ihuye na McDonald ifunguye kubutaka bwa Qazaqistan, noneho cafe-ibiryo byihuse itanga amahitamo ya burger arimo inyama zifarashi kubaturage.

Inyama francise izazana urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza niba rwiyemezamirimo uyishyira mubikorwa yubahiriza byimazeyo ibipimo, amabwiriza ahereye kumyambarire. Ugomba kandi kuzirikana ko mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise, ushobora kwipimisha na francisor. Ibi birashobora kuba cheque ifunguye cyangwa umuguzi w'amayobera. Uhagarariye francise azaza iwawe yitirirwa umukiriya usanzwe kandi agure ibicuruzwa runaka, utitaye kubyo ukora, inyama cyangwa amata. Umuguzi wamayobera ahagarariye ikirango azagaragaza neza niba ukurikiza amabwiriza nubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Niyo mpamvu francise igomba kwitabwaho ibisobanuro byose byanditse muburyo bw'amasezerano.

Kugurisha ibicuruzwa byiza ntibizagufasha gusa kunoza irushanwa ryawe hamwe nubudahemuka bwabakiriya. Uzashobora kandi gukomeza urwego rwo hejuru rwicyubahiro mumaso yabahagarariye franchise, nibyingenzi cyane. Uzagomba kwitondera byumwihariko inyama nubwiza bwazo mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise. Ibi nibimenyerewe nubwo waba ukora ubucuruzi nkuko bisanzwe.

Inyama francise iteganya gahunda yabakiriya kugirango ubashe gukorana neza nabo kandi unakorana no kugura raporo zingufu, umaze kubyiga mbere. Ibi bizagufasha kumva urwego urwego rusabwa neza mugace runaka. Inyama francise izakora neza niba uhisemo ikirango cyiza cyane. Abantu bakunda guhabwa serivisi zisoko zizwi kwisi yose. Mugihe uhisemo inyama francise, ugomba kuyoborwa nibipimo byose kugirango ugire umushinga mwiza wubucuruzi ufite. Hariho kandi umusanzu umwe, wishyurwa ukimara gutangira ubucuruzi bwawe.

Umusanzu umwe mugihe ukorana na francise yinyama urashobora kugera kuri 11%, ariko, nkuko bisanzwe, ntabwo ari munsi ya 9%. Ariko, n'iyi ngingo irashobora gukemurwa binyuze mubiganiro byatsinzwe na francisor. Kurugero, mugihe ugurisha inyama francise, urashobora gufata izindi nshingano zinyongera zo kugura ibicuruzwa kubiciro bimwe mubirango. Noneho, urashobora kugabanywa, haba mumisanzu ya buri kwezi, cyangwa kugabanya ubunini bwamafaranga.

Ubufaransa bwuruganda rutunganya inyama nigikorwa cyingirakamaro kandi gishobora kubyara inyungu, mugihe cyakazi uzakorana inshingano zimwe. Gukorana nabahagarariye francise, nyuma yamasezerano arangiye, uzagira inshingano zamafaranga. Ubwa mbere, iyi nintererano imwe, igomba kwimurwa kuri konti yuwuhagarariye ikirango murwego rwambere. Byongeye, gukora kuri francise y'uruganda rutunganya inyama, uzakenera kwishyura buri kwezi. Icya mbere muri ibyo ni amafaranga yubukode, ingano yayo iratandukanye kandi irashobora kuva kuri 2 kugeza kuri 6%. Cyangwa, ukora kuri francise y'uruganda rutunganya inyama, urashobora kwiringira ko ari ngombwa gukora no gukwirakwiza ibikorwa byo kwamamaza, ibyo francisor azabikora yigenga.

Kwamamaza kwisi yose kwisi nabyo biratandukanye kandi birashobora kuva kuri 1% kugeza 3% buri kwezi. Ibi nibikorwa bisanzwe, wongeyeho, hamwe nintererano ya buri kwezi, urashobora kwiyemeza kuzuza izindi nshingano. Kurugero, ugomba kugura ibarura biturutse kuri francisor cyangwa gukoresha serivisi iyo ariyo yose. Ibi byose biganirwaho kugiti cyawe mumasezerano kandi ugomba kumenya neza umurimo uhura nacyo. Korana na francise yawe yo gutunganya inyama hamwe nurwego ntarengwa rwo guhuriza hamwe kugirango udatandukana numwimerere. Ibi bizaguha amahirwe yo kubona byihuse no kuba umucuruzi watsinze cyane.

Niba ukora mu ruganda rutunganya inyama ukaba ushaka francise ikwiye kugirango utezimbere ibikorwa byubucuruzi, ugomba kwitabaza ibikoresho byihariye bitanga amahitamo atandukanye. Uzakenera guhitamo ibyiza byateganijwe mugereranije nibisabwa. Uruganda rwawe rutunganya inyama ntiruzongera kugira igihombo, kuko, kurugurisha munsi ya francise, uzashobora gukoresha tekinoroji idafite ibikoresho, ibikoresho, ubumenyi bushimishije, kandi unakora ibikorwa mwizina ryikirango kizwi cyane. Ibi birashobora guhindura itandukaniro ryiza kubitsinda ryigihe kirekire. Igikorwa cyo gutunganya inyama zikora neza ninzira yawe yo gutsinda. Ugomba kubinyuramo nurwego ntarengwa rwo gukora neza hanyuma uzaba mwiza.

Ntukirengagize ibipimo bitandukanye byibarurishamibare, kubyiga no gufata ibyemezo byiza byo kuyobora bishingiye kubisesengura. Ubufaransa bwuruganda rutunganya inyama rushobora kukuzanira inyungu zikomeye mugihe udakoze amakosa mugihe cyiterambere rya francise. Ibi bisaba kwitegura neza. Ingamba zisesengura zizakenera gukorwa mbere, hanyuma, kugirango twige imibare. Igishushanyo nigishushanyo birakwiriye kuburyo mugihe utezimbere francise, urwego rusobanutse rwamakuru yize aragurwa.

Gutanga francise mubice nka Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, kwisi yose, ni hafi gutera imbere kandi neza mubikorwa byubucuruzi. Ku bufatanye n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’aba francising (IFA), buri minota 8 yumunsi wakazi, muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika hashyirwaho iduka rishya rya francise, aho isoko rimwe gusa rifunga ibigo icyenda bifunguye. Intangiriro yicyiciro cyo gushinga francise biz ya none muri Amerika igwa mubihe byintambara nyuma yintambara ya kabiri yisi yose. Intambara irangiye, ubukungu bw’Amerika bwatangiye guhinduka kuva mu bicuruzwa by’ibikoresho bya gisirikare bihinduka ubukungu bw’amahoro. Kongera imirimo yinganda zijyanye nakazi k’amahoro byabaye ikintu cyambere mubuyobozi bwa leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika na guverinoma. Iterambere ry’ubufaransa ryagize uruhare mu kwagura no guteza imbere imirimo ku Banyamerika, ryabaye imodoka yo kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu, kandi rigira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu mu bihugu by’amahanga.

Gutanga francise kubacuruzi byashizeho ubundi bucuruzi bwa rwiyemezamirimo wubucuruzi, byorohereza kugarura amadovize n’amafaranga mu gihugu, hamwe n’ishoramari ritoya mu mahanga, kandi ryagize uruhare runini mu kuzamura no kuzamura izina ry’ibikoresho by’ubukungu muri Amerika. Iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’amerika muri Amerika kandi ryakurikiranye inyungu za politiki, imbaraga, n’igitutu cy’amahanga, kubera kurenga imipaka y’igihugu, ubukungu bw’igihugu. Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi (FTC) igenzura francising kugirango ikurikirane iyubahirizwa ryamategeko ya francise. Dukurikije ibisabwa byashyizweho n’amategeko ahuriweho n’umuzingi, francisees itanga raporo zigaragaza amakuru yose yuzuye yerekeye isosiyete ishaka kubona ingingo ya francise mubutaka bwemewe no gusuzuma igereranyo cy’amafaranga yinjira, amafaranga yinjira, na gahunda y’inyungu za francise. Umubare munini w'iterambere ry'ubwoko nk'ubwo, ushyigikiwe n’amategeko akomeye ya leta na leta hamwe n’ibitekerezo byiza bya rubanda, byatumye imishinga myinshi yo kwihangira imirimo mu bucuruzi bw’ubufaransa. Reta zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zamerika, yimukiye hanze yigihugu, ikwirakwiza neza kwihangira imirimo kwisi yose.

Ubufaransa i Washington, D.C. nigikorwa gishimishije cyane kubera ko ari umurwa mukuru w’Amerika, kimwe mu bihugu bikomeye kandi bikize ku isi. Ubufaransa i Washington bugomba kuzamurwa mu buryo butubahiriza amategeko y’ibanze mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose. Ubufaransa bugomba gukoreshwa neza, kubera ko ufite umushinga wubucuruzi witeguye hamwe nikirangantego ufite, bivuze ko ugomba gusa gutegura gahunda y'ibikorwa ikosora, iyobowe nawo, ushobora kugera kubisubizo byiza mumarushanwa. Ubufaransa i Washington bukora neza kandi neza niba ukora isesengura ryiza rya swot mbere yo gutangira igikorwa, kigufasha gukora gahunda yubucuruzi nyayo.

Kurugero, isesengura rya swot nimwe mubikoresho byubukungu bikora neza kugirango ugaragaze imbaraga nintege nke byikigo cyawe.

Washington irangwa no kuba hari ba mukerarugendo benshi, ndetse n'abaturage baho bashobora kuba abakiriya. Uku kuri kugomba kwitabwaho mugihe utangiye umushinga. Abahatuye bishimiye Washington, bivuze ko udakwiye na rimwe kubabaza niba utangiye francise. Ibiranga uturere nibyifuzo byabaturage birashobora kwitabwaho ushizemo ibintu byiza cyangwa zest mubicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi. Ubufaransa bwa Washington ni ikirombe cya zahabu kidateye imbere gikeneye gusuzumwa neza no gutezwa imbere vuba bishoboka. N'ubundi kandi, francise i Washington ni umushinga wubucuruzi uhiganwa kandi mugihe ushidikanya, abatavuga rumwe na bo barashobora gufata ibyemezo byo kubona uburenganzira bwo gukora ikirango no gutangiza umushinga wabo.

Ubufaransa i Washington bugomba kugengwa namasezerano franchisee yagiranye naba francisor. Itondekanya imisanzu yose igomba gutangwa mubyiciro bitandukanye bya francise.

Porogaramu ya USU francising ibisubizo byikora ikubiyemo igitekerezo cyo gukomeza gutera imbere. Gukorera mu mucyo, guhora utanga ibitekerezo hagati ya francisor na francisee bituma uhora utezimbere ubufaransa ubwabwo hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa, uburyo bwo gutanga, politiki yo kwamamaza, gahunda yubudahemuka.