Amafranga yunguka agenda arushaho gukenerwa muri societe yacu mugihe ntamuntu numwe ushaka guhungabanya ubucuruzi bwabo no gutangiza ubucuruzi bushya guhera. Nibihe nkibi abakoresha ubwoko bwose bashakisha uburyo bwo kugura francises yunguka. Hamwe nuburyo nkubu, gushyira mubikorwa intego zikomeye biroroha cyane, kuko usanzwe ufite ubucuruzi bwiteguye kandi ntabwo urutonde rwose rwibibazo kubatangiye gukemura imirimo.

Ni izihe nyungu zo kubona francises, aho kubaka umushinga guhera? Urutonde rwamahirwe ni rugari cyane, nubwo benshi bavura ibintu byinjiza amafaranga hamwe ningano yumunyu. Ntabwo bitangaje, kubera ko ku isoko urashobora gutsitara ku mubare munini uteye amakenga kandi uvugishije ukuri. Kugira ngo wirinde kugongana nabo, urashobora kwitabaza umucuruzi wizewe ufite amateka meza kandi yashizeho amasano yunguka. Izi serivisi nizo sosiyete yacu itanga kubashobora kugura francises yunguka.

Noneho, reka tujye ku nyungu zishobora guterwa no kubona inyungu ziva hanze yubucuruzi.

Ubwa mbere, ubona amahirwe adasanzwe yo kutongera kubyutsa uruziga, kutababazwa no guhitamo gutangwa. Mumaze gufata ibiri kugurishwa, mubisabwa, kandi byunguka. Igitekerezo cyunguka mbere gifasha kwirinda gucika intege kandi byabaye mugihe igitekerezo 'kidashya' igihombo. Ibitekerezo bidatanga ibisubizo byera bigabanya ubushake bwo gukora ubucuruzi bwabo igihe kirekire no gusiga imyenda. Ntabwo aribyo twahisemo.

Icya kabiri, kubona ubucuruzi bwunguka bigukiza imirimo myinshi yo kwamamaza. Ibyo ari byo byose, izina ry'ikirango rimaze kumenyekana, ibikoresho byo kwamamaza byatejwe imbere, imiyoboro yaratoranijwe. Usanzwe ufite amakuru yose ukeneye kugirango uteze imbere neza francises yawe. Ugomba gutangira kwigana ibikoresho byose byakozwe kugirango wongere ibicuruzwa byunguka. Gukoresha tekinike yemejwe yinzobere zinzobere zigukiza amakosa menshi yo gutangira, nayo azana igihombo kandi ntagutange ibikoresho bihagije. Byongeye kandi, tekereza uburyo ushobora kuzigama inyungu mugukoresha abashushanya gukora ibikoresho bidasanzwe: ibirango, amabara yibigo, udutabo, banneri, nibindi.

Icya gatatu, uzabona ubucuruzi bwuzuye bwuzuye hamwe na tekinoroji yemejwe. Kenshi cyane, abifuza kwihangira imirimo bayobewe iterambere ryingamba zifatika, bashaka uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro, ishoramari ryambere, nibindi byinshi, birababaje, bizana uburambe gusa. Aba francises bagaragara muribi kuva biz. Umufatanyabikorwa azishimira gusangira nawe amabanga yose yo kuyobora neza inganda zihariye kuburyo ibisubizo byingenzi bizagushimisha kuva mumezi yambere yo gukora biz.

Izi nyungu zose zisobanutse zo gukoresha francises akenshi zijimye imbere yubwoba bwaba rwiyemezamirimo bifuza, ibyo mumaso yabo bafite ubwoba bitwikiriye inyungu zishoboka. Ibi ntibitangaje, kuko kugura francises yikimenyetso kizwi kandi cyunguka kirahenze cyane, kandi kugura mubigo bizwi cyane byuzuyemo igihombo mubijyanye no kudakora neza no kumenyekana. Ni muri urwo rwego dutanga serivisi zacu nkabafatanyabikorwa hamwe nabashinzwe gahunda yo kugura francise.

Hamwe nogutabara kwabandi bantu, umuntu wizewe ufite uburambe nuburambe, urashobora kwizera neza ko utashutswe. Abahanga bacu bakora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kubyifuzo byose bagahitamo gusa abafatanyabikorwa bizewe. Urashobora kumva ufite umutekano muguhitamo igisubizo kiboneye. Mugusoza ibikorwa byakurikiranwe, uhabwa inama nubufasha bwo guhitamo, niba hari ibivutse imbere yawe. Urashobora kwirinda amakosa gusa yo kubaka biz ariko nanone amakosa muguhitamo.

Hanyuma, urashobora kumva ko bigoye kubona ingengo yimari yunguka. Abajyanama bacu baragufasha gukora isesengura ryujuje ubuziranenge ryingamba ziteganijwe no guhitamo gutangira bihuye neza na bije yawe. By the way, ndetse no guhitamo amahitamo yingengo yimari iboneka nakazi katoroshye tuzagufasha gukemura.

Mugihe cyibibazo, inkunga yuzuye irashobora kugira uruhare runini. Mu bihe by’icyorezo kigabanuka, abantu benshi babona amahirwe yo gutangira gukora kubucuruzi bwabo bakajya aho basanzwe bakorera. Nukugura biz-byiteguye bizasa nkaho aribwo buryo bwiza kubatamenyereye gukora ibyabo, rimwe ryatwitswe kubigeragezo bitatsinzwe, cyangwa badashaka gushora imbaraga nyinshi mukuzamurwa kuva mbere.

Igitangaje cyane, ni ibihe byubu bifasha cyane cyane gutangira ibikorwa byawe. Ibigo byinshi ntibyarokotse ikibazo, ibyicaro bishya byarakinguwe, kandi imbaraga zo kugura zirongera kwiyongera. Gufata umuraba no kuzamuka ni ikintu cyingenzi ushobora gukora ubu. Ibi nibyo rwose bigomba gukorwa nabantu bose bashaka kuzamura ireme ryimibereho no kongera isoko yinjiza.

Kugura francises ubifashijwemo nundi muntu, bigira akamaro cyane mugufasha mubibazo bivuka imbere yawe, bikuzanira cyane hafi yinjiza nibikorwa byunguka mubucuruzi bwawe. Urashobora kwirinda umubare munini wubwoko bwose bwamakosa nigihombo. Wakira inkunga yo kwamamaza ibishoboye. Hamwe nibi byose kandi ugereranije ntoya yo gutangiza ishoramari, uzakomeza kuba nyiri ubucuruzi bwawe bwite!

Inzozi za kera zo kwikorera wenyine, kandi ntizigenewe 'nyirarume w'undi', kuri benshi bakomeje kutagerwaho, ziragenda zegerana kandi zikaba impamo mugihe dukoresheje abunzi bacu hamwe nibyiza bitangwa nabaterankunga bizewe. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda zitinyuka ntabwo riri kure, niba ushora amafaranga neza kuva mugitangira, hitamo icyifuzo cyiza, kandi ushireho ubwizerwe bwabafatanyabikorwa.

Ibi nibyo rwose francises yunguka iguha: abakozi batoranijwe neza hamwe na ba rwiyemezamirimo bizewe.

Amafaranga yunguka cyane nikibazo gishimishije cyane kuri benshi bifuza kwihangira imirimo. Nta kintu gitangaje! Nyuma ya byose, ikintu kigoye cyane ni kuzamurwa mu ntera. Ndetse n'abacuruzi bafite ubunararibonye rimwe na rimwe bamenya ko mubihe bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugorana cyane cyangwa bidashoboka kuzamura ikirango gishya. Mu bihe nk'ibi abantu bahindukiza ibitekerezo byabo kubisubizo nkibisubizo byunguka cyane. Nyuma ya byose, batanga intangiriro nziza yizewe yubucuruzi bwihariye.

Noneho, reka twiyumvire ushaka gutangirana nubucuruzi bwawe bwite, ariko mugihe kimwe uhitemo kwitondera ubwoko bumwe na bumwe. Noneho biragaragara ko ahubwo bigoye guhitamo inyungu nyinshi muri zose. Ibirango bizwi bimaze kugusuhuza nibiciro bihanitse bidasanzwe. Abo bafatanyabikorwa batanga ubucuruzi kumafaranga make basa nkaho ari uburiganya rwose nuburiganya. Mu bihe nk'ibi, guhitamo biragoye bidasanzwe. Muri uru rubanza, icyemezo cyiza kuruta ibindi nukwitondera amahitamo yateguwe no kunga abantu batatu bashishikajwe no gutsinda kwimpande zombi.

Urashobora kubona francises yunguka cyane niba umuntu akugiriye inama. Isosiyete yacu yiyemeje kukugira inama zuzuye muguhitamo francises, itanga amahitamo yumubare wizewe kandi wizewe. Wakira inama zirambuye zuburyo bwo guteza imbere biz, kureba amahitamo yatanzwe, no guhitamo bije nziza kubitekerezo byawe. Byongeye, uhaye igice cyo gutegura ibikorwa byibanze inshingano kubakozi bacu. Wakira ibikoresho byiteguye, izina ryikirango, nibintu byose ukeneye kugirango utangire neza umushinga wawe wunguka!.

Mugura ubucuruzi bwuzuye binyuze mubakozi bizewe, urashobora kwizera ko wahisemo inyungu nyinshi. Kubwibyo, biroroshye cyane kugera kubyo watekereje birenze cyane abanywanyi bakorera murwego rumwe kuko uzasanga hakiri kare izina ryawe nikoranabuhanga bagombaga kwiteza imbere mumyaka. Gutangira byihuse byemeza inyungu yambere byihuse. Ubu bwoko bwa biz nibyiza kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo batangiye bashaka kugerageza ubwabo muriki gice.

Byongeye kandi, tubikesha ibi, urashobora kwizera neza ko uhitamo igisubizo kiboneye, nubwo waba ufite uburambe mugukora ikirango cyawe guhera. Ushobora kuba uzi akazi gashobora kugura. Niyo mpamvu amahitamo yunguka cyane ashobora kwitwa neza kugura francises yiteguye, aho imirimo myinshi igoye ikorwa nabantu bafite uburambe! Ibi ntibizigama amafaranga gusa ahubwo byihutisha inyungu yambere. Ikigaragara ni uko ubu buryo bukungahaza uburambe kandi butuma wiga byihuse ibyingenzi byo kuyobora sosiyete yawe. Ibisubizo byemejwe nabafatanyabikorwa bacu, dushyigikiwe nubufatanyacyaha bwacu, bifasha gutangira guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwihariye kandi neza!

Amashanyarazi yunguka cyane ninzira nziza yo kwagura ubushobozi no kugera ku ntsinzi igaragara mugushinga no guteza imbere ubucuruzi. Hano hari francises nyinshi, ariko ntabwo zose zunguka, kandi abafatanyabikorwa benshi ntibashobora kwirata kwizerwa. Itangwa ryisosiyete yacu ifite amateka akomeye hamwe nabakiriya bakusanyije bifasha guhitamo neza no kugera kubisubizo byiza mubyiciro byose byinzira yahisemo. Ahari aya ni amahirwe meza yo kuva mukazi udakunzwe hanyuma amaherezo ugatangira gukora wenyine!

Franchise na franchisee nibisobanuro bifitanye isano cyane. Niba ushishikajwe na francise, noneho iyo ubonye uhinduka francisee. Ubu ni ubucuruzi bwunguka cyane, mugushyira mubikorwa ukeneye gukurikiza gusa amategeko kandi utangwa namabwiriza ya francise. Ntugomba kuzana ikintu gishya, kongera guhimba inzira yubucuruzi, gukora ibindi bikorwa bigoye. Birakenewe gusa kugura ubucuruzi bwiteguye, bwitwa francise. Umu francisee numuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibikoresho isosiyete ikomeye yose ikoresha mukubaka ubucuruzi.

Ntugomba kuzana ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye, ukeneye gukoresha igitekerezo cyiteguye. Mubyongeyeho, izina rimaze kumenyekana, bivuze ko ibiciro byo kongera urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane.

Mu rwego rwa francise, francisee igomba kugeza kubaguzi bayo gusa ko ibiro byahagarariye ibikorwa byaho byafunguwe mukarere. Nibihendutse cyane kuruta kumenyekanisha ikirango kitazwi guhera. Ubufaransa bushobora kuba ikawa ugura hafi ya cafe mugitondo, iduka ugura, pizzeria ifite izina ryisi kandi iherereye mubaturanyi b’umuguzi waho.

Ubufaransa buri hose kandi bugenda bwiyongera mubyamamare. Ubucuruzi bwiteguye gufungura icyitegererezo cya francise yemerera francisee gushora gusa umutungo wimari waboneka muburyo bwubucuruzi bumaze kugeragezwa kandi bukora. Ukeneye gusa gushyira mubikorwa neza bitangwa na francise. Franchisee ntakintu nakimwe ishobora guhura nacyo, kubera ko hari ubucuruzi bwihishe inyuma, ikirango kizwi, uburambe bunini bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka myinshi cyangwa imyaka mirongo yibikorwa bikomeye.

Franchising irangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwamamara mugihugu icyo aricyo cyose. Umuntu uhisemo kuba francisee arashobora gushora imari mumikoreshereze yimari, gushaka abakozi ukurikije ibipimo, kubaka inzira zubucuruzi, no kubona ibisubizo. Ndetse nibicuruzwa akenshi biva mubihugu bikomokamo franchise. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuko ushobora kuzigama umurimo nubutunzi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba cyangwa gukora ku kirango. Ibi byose bimaze kuboneka kuri wewe kandi bisigaye ni ugutangiza moderi ya biz yiteguye rwose izana umutungo wamafaranga nka bonus.

Umufaransa washoboye gukoresha neza francise yaguzwe, ahabwa igice kinini cyumutungo wamafaranga afite. Ingingo ya franchise iganirwaho muburyo butaziguye nuwabitanze kandi birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Kurugero, urashobora guhora ukuramo umugabane winyungu, cyangwa urashobora kumvikana kubindi bisabwa, byose biterwa na nyir'ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe.

Birahagije gusa kugura francise no gukoresha uburambe bwose bwungutse nabasekuruza babanjirije abantu iyo bigeze kubirango bishaje. Ugomba kwitonda cyane ukirinda amakosa kuko ibitagenda neza mugushinga francise birashobora kugaragara hanyuma francisee yakira ibibazo aho kubyunguka. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribintu bisanzwe cyane, kubwibyo, ugomba kwibanda kubikorwa byukuri byo mubikorwa byo mubiro.

Kurikiza francise no kongeramo ibyongeweho murwego rwo guhatanira isosiyete yawe. Nyuma ya byose, francises nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwaho, mugihe, urugero, muri McDonald bagurisha pancake niba iherereye muburusiya. Niba francise ihuye na McDonald ifunguye kubutaka bwa Qazaqistan, noneho cafe-ibiryo byihuse itanga amahitamo ya burger arimo inyama zifarashi kubaturage.

Ubufaransa bwikibuga cyabana nigikorwa cyo kwihangira imirimo gishobora guhuzwa ningaruka zimwe. Ubwa mbere, mugurisha francise, usanzwe ufite inyungu, ariko, ugomba kubyishyura. Iyi nintererano imwe, wohereza mubyiciro byambere nkijanisha ryubunini bwishoramari ryakozwe. Mugihe ukurikirana francise yabana, ugomba kuzirikana ko urimo ukorana nibintu byingenzi abantu bafite. Bakwizeye hamwe nabana babo, kubwibyo, ufite inshingano zawe. Niba ushaka kwishora mumikino yabana, noneho francise izagufasha kumenyekanisha ibikorwa byawe mugice cyambere, ukoresheje inyungu zingenzi.

Ubwa mbere, ukora ibikorwa mwizina ryikirango kizwi, icya kabiri, ukora ukurikije amabwiriza namategeko agenwa nubucuruzi bwatsinze. Mubyongeyeho, ubona uburambe butagereranywa mugushira mubikorwa club yabana, biroroshye cyane. Nyuma ya byose, ntugomba gukora amakosa, kuko ukorera francise kandi rero, ni rwiyemezamirimo watsinze.

Ariko, umuntu yakagombye kuzirikana ko ikirango kimwe kidahagije kugirango uzamure neza francise kumikino yabana. Ugomba gushyira imbaraga kuruhande rwawe. Birumvikana ko ufite umutwe utangira muburyo bwikirango kizwi, ariko, ugomba no gutangaza ko winjiye kumasoko. Mubyongeyeho, ugomba gukomeza urwego rwo hejuru rwa serivise muburyo wakiriye na francisor. Mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise ya club yumwana, ugomba no kuzirikana ko ugomba kubona urwego ruri hejuru ya ba rwiyemezamirimo basanzwe. Nyuma ya byose, wemeye kwishyura ijanisha runaka ryinjiza yakiriwe buri kwezi.

Kubwibyo, amafaranga winjiza agomba kuba menshi cyane kuruta niba wakoze wenyine. Ubufaransa bukora neza kumurwi wabana bizaguha igishoro kinini, kuko uzashobora kubakurura kumushinga wubucuruzi wunguka. Urashobora kandi kwizigira ko umuguzi w'amayobera ashobora kuza aho uri. Numuntu ugenzura urwego rwa serivisi yitirirwa umukiriya.

Uruhinja rwabana francise nubwoko butanga ibyiringiro kandi byunguka cyane umushinga wubucuruzi. Mugihe cyiterambere ryacyo, ushobora gukenera gutsinda ingorane zitandukanye kugirango ube rwiyemezamirimo wambere muri iri soko niche. Abanywanyi bawe ntibashaka gusangira nawe inyungu, byongeye kandi, bashobora kuba bashishikajwe no gukomeza umwanya wabo wambere ku isoko. Benshi mubaturwanya bakora ibishoboka byose kugirango bakubuze gutsinda. Kubwibyo, mugihe utezimbere francise yumwana, ugomba gukurikiza byimazeyo gahunda yubucuruzi igomba gushirwaho mbere. Agomba gushyiramo ingingo zose z'igikorwa ukeneye gutekereza mbere.

Nibyo, gukorera munsi ya francise, ufite inyungu zikomeye kurenza abo bahanganye badafite amahirwe nkaya. Ubwa mbere, ni ikirango cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi kizwi cyane ku isi, naho icya kabiri, francise yumwana ikoresha ibisubizo bitandukanye byikoranabuhanga, uburambe budasanzwe, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ukoresheje ibi byose, urashobora kugera kubisubizo byubukungu byingenzi mugihe gito. Urashobora kuyobora isoko rihiganwa ukoresheje ibikoresho byose ufite. Gucunga francise yumwana wawe kuburyo abanywanyi bawe batagira amahirwe yo kukurwanya. Nukora neza, niko ibisubizo bizaba byinshi. Ariko, uracyakeneye kwitonda kugirango utarenza urugero.

Noneho rero, kora imirimo yose hamwe nurwego ntarengwa rwo gukora hanyuma, uzatsinda rwose. Gahunda yubucuruzi yateguwe neza kubana bawe ba francise izafasha ubucuruzi bwawe mugutezimbere.

Nka francisee, ni ukuvuga, umugabuzi wihariye wa francise, uzasabwa kwishyura buri kwezi. Iya mbere yitwa ubukode. Ingano yacyo iri hagati ya 1 na 3%. Aya mafranga abarwa nkigice cyinyungu washoboye kubona mukwezi. Byongeye, mugihe ugurishije uruhinja rwabana, uzishyura igice cya kabiri. Bivugwa nkibarura ryisi yose.

Umufaransa azashyira mubikorwa yigenga ibyo bikorwa. Rero, uzabona inyungu zihoraho kubutaka bwumujyi wawe, urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa narwo ruziyongera. Mugihe ukorana na francise yumwana, ugomba kwemera ko abanywanyi bashobora gukomera. Nawe ugomba gufata ingamba mugihe. Kurugero, kwiga imibare bizafasha mugutsinda ibihe bikomeye. Niba warabonye inzira yo gutondeka abakiriya bawe mugihe, noneho gufata ingamba mugihe bizemeza ko ingaruka mbi zigabanuka. Mugihe ushyira mubikorwa francise ya club yumwana, ugomba kandi kwibuka ko leta itegereje kugabanyirizwa imisoro.

Birakenewe ko twegera iki kibazo muburyo bushoboka bwose.

Amashanyarazi muri Namibiya afite inyungu nyinshi, muri ba rwiyemezamirimo bo mu nzego zitandukanye. Ku bijyanye na francise, birakwiye ko tumenya ko Namibia izamura urwego rwubukungu bwigihugu mu guteza imbere urwego ruto, ruciriritse, n’ibikorwa binini by’inganda. Buri franchise izatangira kongera inyungu yikigo, ndetse nurwego rwubucuruzi muri Namibiya, kuko hariho imishinga myinshi ihenze yo kwitoza. Ku buryo bugaragara, iyo umukiriya yakiriye francise, yiyemeza gukora ubucuruzi bwiteguye, hamwe no kugabanuka kwuzuye kuri zeru yingaruka zitandukanye ningorane. Inzobere zuru ruganda, hamwe nikirangantego kizwi cyane, zizakora imishinga itandukanye yiteguye kuzamura ibicuruzwa, ubucuruzi mubicuruzwa, no gutanga no gushyira mubikorwa serivisi. Namahugurwa y amahugurwa, hazakorwa amasomo menshi azatanga amakuru kuri serivisi zo kwamamaza no kwamamaza kugirango yongere ibicuruzwa.

Inzira zakazi zuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora igitekerezo nuburyo bwiza bwo kwiteza imbere hamwe no gusoza inyandiko zidasanzwe zemeza ubufatanye. Guhitamo neza, uzakora muburyo bwo kugura francise muri Namibiya, ugira uruhare mugushinga umushinga wawe.