Amashirahamwe y'abana mw'isi ya none arakenewe cyane, cyane cyane bitewe nubushake buke bwibicuruzwa byabana ugereranije nibicuruzwa bikuze. Nyuma ya byose, ugomba kwemera ko abana bakeneye imyenda n'inkweto bishya cyane kuruta abakuze. Ubwa mbere, bakura vuba, kandi, icya kabiri, gutandukanwa nibikorwa byiyongereye, bihita bituma bidakoreshwa. Ababyeyi rero akenshi bagomba gusura amaduka no kuvugurura imyenda yabana babo bakunda. Byongeye kandi, gukorana nabana francises ntabwo bigarukira kumyenda ninkweto. Muri iki gihe, ubucuruzi bujyanye nimyambarire y'abana bwateye imbere cyane, bityo imifuka, imikandara, imitako, nibindi kubana birasabwa cyane.

Ibi bivuze ko ububiko bwibicuruzwa byabana cyangwa ubucuruzi bwumudugudu ucuruza byanze bikunze bizana francisee, niba bidakabije, noneho urwego rwemewe rwinyungu. Icyangombwa, byihuse bihagije muribyo bihe iyo bigeze kumurongo uzwi, wamamajwe ufite abayoboke bahoraho. Kubyerekeye umukino, nta mpamvu yo kuvuga. Ni muri urwo rwego, igitekerezo cyabakora ntigisanzwe. Ubwoko butandukanye bwibipupe, imodoka, robot, ibikoresho bitandukanye bya mashini na elegitoronike, ibikinisho byabana byigisha, nibindi birwanya gusa ibisobanuro. Kubwibyo, umubare wubufaransa butandukanye murwego rwo gutanga ibikinisho uragenda wiyongera buri mwaka.

Ku buryo butandukanye, birakwiye ko dukoraho kuri francises y'abana mubigo by'ibigo by'amashuri abanza, ibigo byita ku majyambere ndetse n’uburezi, gahunda z’indimi, ingando z’impeshyi, n’izindi serivisi zijyanye no gutunganya uburere n’uburere bw’abana. Abahanga bavuga ko buri mwaka abantu bashishikajwe n’iterambere ry’amarangamutima n’ubwenge ry’abana bigenda byiyongera cyane. Nubwo hari ibibazo, igabanuka rusange ry’amafaranga y’abaturage benshi, ubushomeri, n’ibindi, abantu biteguye gushora imari mu burezi bw’abana. Mubyukuri, imyumvire mibi yavuzwe yose igira uruhare runini muri izi nyungu, kubera ko bisanzwe biganisha ku kongera amarushanwa ku isoko ry'umurimo. Kugirango umwana agire akarusho kuri bagenzi be kandi abe umuhanga ushakishwa, ubumenyi, ubuhanga, nubushobozi bwe bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge abo bahanganye. Kubwamahirwe, ireme ryuburezi busanzwe bwishuri (hamwe namashuri makuru nayo) ryagiye rigabanuka mumyaka mirongo ishize kandi ntabwo riha abana ibyo bakeneye.

Ababyeyi benshi barabyumva muri iki gihe. Mubushobozi bwabo nubushobozi bwabo, bagerageza guha abana babo amahirwe yinyongera yo kwiga no kunguka ubumenyi bukenewe mubigo bitandukanye byuburezi, ubuhanzi, indimi, nibindi. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uburezi n’uburere by’abana, amasezerano y’ubufaransa arasabwa cyane cyane, kubera ko mu rwego rw’ubufaransa, nyir'ikirango ubusanzwe atanga integanyanyigisho ziteguye, imfashanyigisho, porogaramu yihariye, ikoranabuhanga ryiga (umukino, umushinga, mudasobwa, n'ibindi. ), ibisubizo muri sisitemu yo gusuzuma, ibikoresho byongeweho, nibindi. Ni ukuvuga, inkunga yubuyobozi namakuru yamakuru yuburezi yatanzwe rwose. Byongeye kandi, akenshi abafite ibigo byuburezi byabana birabujijwe mu buryo butaziguye gukoresha mu kazi kabo ibikoresho n’ikoranabuhanga bitari ibyemejwe na francisor.

Nibyo, byinshi biterwa nibisabwa namasezerano, ariko, nkuko bisanzwe, ikiguzi cya francises biterwa nurwego rwiza rw'ibicuruzwa (ibicuruzwa na serivisi, ikoranabuhanga n'ubumenyi-buryo, imishinga y'ubucuruzi, na gahunda z'ubucuruzi) ). Niba umu francisee yiyemeje kugura francises yikirango cyamamare cyabana, niwe wambere udashishikajwe no guhindura muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose ibicuruzwa byemejwe kandi byemejwe neza no gutanga serivisi algorithm (harimo nuburezi) muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Mw'isi ya none, francises (harimo ibicuruzwa na serivisi byabana) iragenda ikwirakwira kandi ikenewe cyane. Ibi birasobanutse neza, kubera ko gutunganya umusaruro no gutanga serivisi zubucuruzi munsi yizina ryumuntu uzwi, usanzwe 'yazamuwe' umwe ntabwo ari bibi cyane kandi birahenze mubijyanye numutungo ugereranije nikirango cyayo, nkuko babivuga, 'kuva gushushanya '. Ntibikenewe ko ukoresha amafaranga numwanya mugushakisha isoko ryabanywanyi nibyifuzo byabaguzi, guteza imbere ikirango, gutangiza ibicuruzwa (cyangwa serivisi) kumasoko, inkunga ihoraho yubudahemuka bwabakiriya, guteza imbere no kugenzura iyubahirizwa ryibikorwa byubucuruzi, tekinike yo kugurisha, nibindi byose bimaze kuremwa, kugeragezwa mubikorwa, no kwerekana imikorere yabyo. Abaguzi basanzwe bazi ikirango (byibuze itsinda rigamije), barabyizeye, kandi ntibakeneye ikindi kimenyetso cyerekana ubuziranenge bwacyo. Birumvikana ko kurundi ruhande, hari ikiguzi.

Mbere ya byose, ugomba kwishyura francises zose (abana nabo), kubera ko tuvuga ubucuruzi butanga inyungu (ntamuntu ugura francises mumishinga idaharanira inyungu). Kwishura mbere bigenwa kandi bigenwa namasezerano ya francises. Mubyukuri, ubu ni ubwishyu bwambere bwakozwe kuburenganzira bwo kwinjira muri sisitemu yihariye ya francises. Birashobora kuba bike ugereranije na miriyoni z'amadolari kuva biterwa nigiciro cyikirango. Mugihe aho ubwishyu bwambere ari bunini bihagije, abafaransa bamwe baha abafatanyabikorwa babo amahirwe yo kuyishyura mubice. Byongeye kandi, franchisee igomba kwishyura buri kwezi.

Nkuko bisanzwe, bagenwa nkijanisha ryibicuruzwa, ariko birashobora no gukosorwa. Kubera ko abana nandi masezerano yubufaransa asinywa mugihe runaka, niba francisee ishaka kongera umubano wubucuruzi, hasinywe amasezerano mashya. Muri uru rubanza, kuvugurura amafaranga ya francise yishyurwa aho kuba iyambere. Ingano yacyo igenwa n’amasezerano y’ababuranyi kandi biterwa nimpamvu nyinshi.

Franchise na franchisee nibisobanuro bifitanye isano cyane. Niba ushishikajwe na francise, noneho iyo ubonye uhinduka francisee. Ubu ni ubucuruzi bwunguka cyane, mugushyira mubikorwa ukeneye gukurikiza gusa amategeko kandi utangwa namabwiriza ya francise. Ntugomba kuzana ikintu gishya, kongera guhimba inzira yubucuruzi, gukora ibindi bikorwa bigoye. Birakenewe gusa kugura ubucuruzi bwiteguye, bwitwa francise. Umu francisee numuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibikoresho isosiyete ikomeye yose ikoresha mukubaka ubucuruzi.

Ntugomba kuzana ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye, ukeneye gukoresha igitekerezo cyiteguye. Mubyongeyeho, izina rimaze kumenyekana, bivuze ko ibiciro byo kongera urwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane.

Mu rwego rwa francise, francisee igomba kugeza kubaguzi bayo gusa ko ibiro byahagarariye ibikorwa byaho byafunguwe mukarere. Nibihendutse cyane kuruta kumenyekanisha ikirango kitazwi guhera. Ubufaransa bushobora kuba ikawa ugura hafi ya cafe mugitondo, iduka ugura, pizzeria ifite izina ryisi kandi iherereye mubaturanyi b’umuguzi waho.

Ubufaransa buri hose kandi bugenda bwiyongera mubyamamare. Ubucuruzi bwiteguye gufungura icyitegererezo cya francise yemerera francisee gushora gusa umutungo wimari waboneka muburyo bwubucuruzi bumaze kugeragezwa kandi bukora. Ukeneye gusa gushyira mubikorwa neza bitangwa na francise. Franchisee ntakintu nakimwe ishobora guhura nacyo, kubera ko hari ubucuruzi bwihishe inyuma, ikirango kizwi, uburambe bunini bwakusanyirijwe mumyaka myinshi cyangwa imyaka mirongo yibikorwa bikomeye.

Franchising irangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwamamara mugihugu icyo aricyo cyose. Umuntu uhisemo kuba francisee arashobora gushora imari mumikoreshereze yimari, gushaka abakozi ukurikije ibipimo, kubaka inzira zubucuruzi, no kubona ibisubizo. Ndetse nibicuruzwa akenshi biva mubihugu bikomokamo franchise. Ibi biroroshye cyane kuko ushobora kuzigama umurimo nubutunzi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba cyangwa gukora ku kirango. Ibi byose bimaze kuboneka kuri wewe kandi bisigaye ni ugutangiza moderi ya biz yiteguye rwose izana umutungo wamafaranga nka bonus.

Umufaransa washoboye gukoresha neza francise yaguzwe, ahabwa igice kinini cyumutungo wamafaranga afite. Ingingo ya franchise iganirwaho muburyo butaziguye nuwabitanze kandi birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Kurugero, urashobora guhora ukuramo umugabane winyungu, cyangwa urashobora kumvikana kubindi bisabwa, byose biterwa na nyir'ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe.

Birahagije gusa kugura francise no gukoresha uburambe bwose bwungutse nabasekuruza babanjirije abantu iyo bigeze kubirango bishaje. Ugomba kwitonda cyane ukirinda amakosa kuko ibitagenda neza mugushinga francise birashobora kugaragara hanyuma francisee yakira ibibazo aho kubyunguka. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribintu bisanzwe cyane, kubwibyo, ugomba kwibanda kubikorwa byukuri byo mubikorwa byo mubiro.

Kurikiza francise no kongeramo ibyongeweho murwego rwo guhatanira isosiyete yawe. Nyuma ya byose, francises nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwaho, mugihe, urugero, muri McDonald bagurisha pancake niba iherereye muburusiya. Niba francise ihuye na McDonald ifunguye kubutaka bwa Qazaqistan, noneho cafe-ibiryo byihuse itanga amahitamo ya burger arimo inyama zifarashi kubaturage.

Ubufaransa bwokwezi kwakomeje gukenerwa cyane mumyaka myinshi, muri ba rwiyemezamirimo bingeri zitandukanye, batitaye kubucuruzi buciriritse, buciriritse, cyangwa bunini, nyirubwite arimo. Intego nyamukuru yo kumenyekanisha francise kugirango ukwezi kurangire ni amahirwe yo kuyobora isosiyete, ukurikije izina ryashinzwe kandi ryamamajwe, aho ababikora bakoreye kuburyo bugaragara. Ukwezi kwakwezi kurashobora kuboneka kurubuga rwihariye, rushingiye kurubuga urutonde rwabakora. Nyuma yo gufata umwanzuro kubitanga, ugomba gukomeza imishyikirano, iyanyuma ikazaterwa nimpande zombi bireba. Mugihe cyo kugirana ubufatanye mubufatanye, uzakenera kwimuka mubikorwa byogusinyana amasezerano nibisobanuro bitandukanye muburyo bwingamba ziherekeza zo kuyobora igitekerezo. Twabibutsa ko francise yukwezi iracyafite agaciro kuwabikoze, bigomba kuba bihendutse kubakiriya.

Niba franchise ifite ubutumwa bwibirimo bidasanzwe, noneho umukiriya ntashobora kuba abiteguye, bityo rero uwabikoze agomba kuyobora mugihe cyateganijwe cyamahugurwa ateganijwe azafasha umukiriya kugendana vuba no gutsinda mugutegura ingamba zateguwe. Umukiriya agomba guhora yibuka ko mugihe habaye ibibazo bitoroshye, agomba guhita asaba ubufasha bwinzobere za francise kugirango ukwezi gutuje, bazafasha kubona inzira nziza. Niba washoboye gutangira umushinga wawe munzira zimaze gukandagira, noneho ugomba gukurikiza amabwiriza yashizweho nugurisha kugirango ubone intsinzi wifuza, cyane cyane ubanza. Uzashobora kwishora mubikorwa byo kwihangira imirimo kuri francise yukwezi gutuje, hamwe no kugabanya byimazeyo ingaruka zitandukanye nibibazo bishobora kugaragara mugutezimbere urwego rwawe wenyine. Kugura ukwezi kwa francise ninzira yatekerejweho yo gutsinda, niyo nzira nziza cyane kubatangiye bashaka gutangira umushinga wabo. Muri iki gihe, ukwezi kwizuba ryakoreshejwe neza kwisi yose kugirango ubone inyungu. Guhitamo neza kwari ukugura francise yukwezi gutuje, hagakurikiraho kugera kurwego rwifuzwa.

Ububiko bw'ukwezi francise nigikorwa gishimishije cyane, mugihe cyo kubishyira mubikorwa bishobora kuvuka ingorane zikomeye. Mbere ya byose, bifitanye isano no guteza inzitizi inzego za leta. Erega, ukwezi kurabujijwe kubutaka bwibihugu byinshi. Niba ushaka gufungura francise yujuje ibyangombwa, ugomba gusuzuma witonze amategeko yemewe. Buri gihe ujye ukora bihagije mubihe byubu kandi wumve neza ingaruka zishobora kubangamirwa. Ugomba kandi gutondeka no gukoresha neza amahirwe aboneka.

Niba uhisemo gutangira gusibanganya mububiko bwa francise, noneho tekereza ingaruka zose sosiyete izahura nazo. Byongeye kandi, abanywanyi ntibashobora kwifuza gutanga umusaruro kugirango bazane urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza buri kwezi. Kora bihagije kandi ubishoboye wize imibare ifatika. Noneho uzagira igitekerezo cyukuntu ibintu bimeze ubu. Tanga ukwezi kwagaciro kandi uhindure ububiko bwawe. Ubufaransa bugufasha gutunganya imbere ukurikije kodegisi yemewe yemewe muri sosiyete. Kora vuba kandi neza, ukemure ibibazo byose bivuka, ukore umushinga wubucuruzi.

Ibi biraguha inyungu zifatika zo guhatanira. Birashoboka kuyikoresha hanyuma, ufite amahirwe yose yo gutsinda igihe kirekire.

Ubufaransa ntakindi kirenze uburenganzira wahawe bwo gukora ibikorwa mwizina ryikirango kizwi. Gutanga iduka kugirango ubone icyitegererezo cyubucuruzi bugezweho ufite. Bimaze kubyara urwego rwo hejuru rwinjiza rwisosiyete rwatangiye. Kora neza, hanyuma, ufite kandi amahirwe yose yo gutera imbere hamwe na kopi nziza. Mubyongeyeho, francise yukwezi irashobora kukuzanira inyungu nyinshi kuko ufite umushinga wubucuruzi wuzuye. Ukeneye kubikora gusa, ukora wenyine kandi uhora wibanda kumibare yimiterere iriho.

Kwiga amakuru y'ibarurishamibare bifasha mu gufata ibyemezo byo kuyobora. Ugomba guhora ukora neza kandi witeguye kuberako ushobora kugira ibibazo. Urashobora kubitsinda byoroshye ukoresheje gahunda zateguwe mbere.

Ububiko bw'ukwezi ukwezi ni umushinga ugezweho w'abanditsi mugihe ubishyira mubikorwa, ugomba kwitonda kugirango utazagira ibibazo ninzego zishinzwe kubahiriza amategeko kuko ibikorwa nkibi bishobora guhanwa. Mu rwego rwo kumenya francise, ugomba kumva neza ingaruka zose sosiyete ihura nazo. Ni ngombwa kumva amahirwe ahari kugirango ubone urwego ntarengwa rwinjiza mubikorwa byawe. Kora francise, hanyuma ububiko bwawe ntibugomba guhomba. Nyuma ya byose, ufite ubushobozi bwawe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru ukwezi kuranga ukwezi, tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ubumenyi budasanzwe kandi butagereranywa. Ibikorwa neza kandi neza bikemure imirimo yose yihutirwa yo mu biro mugihe cyo kwandika.

Guhuriza hamwe ibikoresho bizaboneka niba utezimbere ukwezi kwawe ukwezi hamwe na francise. Birakenewe guhangana neza ningorane zose, gukora ibikorwa byo mubiro. Urabona amahirwe yose akenewe yo gutsinda mumarushanwa yo guhangana, ukorana nurwego ntarengwa rwo gutondekanya. Kora ibishoboka byose kugirango wongere urwego rwo kumenyekana. Iraguha amahirwe yo gutegeka neza abatavuga rumwe nawe no kubona urwego rwo hejuru rwamafaranga yinjiza ukwezi. Niba uhisemo kujya mukwezi, ububiko bugomba gufungurwa munsi yubufaransa. Muri iki gihe, wunguka inyungu kurenza abo muhanganye.

Mubyukuri, nibyiza kubanza kubaza niba ibikorwa nkibi byemewe mumujyi wawe. Mubyukuri, mubihugu byinshi, hagomba kubaho uruhushya rwihariye niba ugiye gukora ubu bwoko bwubucuruzi. Tanga ukwezi kwawe ukwezi kuracyari muburyo bukwiye bwo kwitabwaho kugirango ubashe gukemura ibibazo byose. Abanywanyi bawe barashobora guteza inzitizi, ndetse bamwe bakifashisha uburyo bwubuhemu bwurugamba. Kugirango udahura ningorane icyarimwe, kora bihagije uko ibintu bimeze ubu, ni bwo uzagera ku ntsinzi. Ububiko bukora neza bwububiko ni umushinga wubucuruzi, aho ushobora guhura nandi makosa yaturutse mubigo bya leta kuko iki gikorwa gishobora guteza akaga. Byongeye kandi, ni byiza kumenya neza amategeko yo gusubiza neza abayobozi baza kukureba.